Browsing by Author "Manzi, Claudia"

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    Culture and the Distinctiveness Motive: Constructing Identity in Individualistic and Collectivistic Contexts
    (AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2012) Becker, Maja; Vignoles, Vivian L.; Owe, Ellinor; Brown, Rupert; Smith, Peter B.; Easterbrook, Matt; Herman, Ginette; de Sauvage, Isabelle; Bourguignon, David; Tones, Ana; Camino, Leoncio; Silveira Lemos, Flavia Cristina; Cristina Ferreira, M.; Koller, Silvia H.; Gonzalez, Roberto; Carrasco, Diego; Paz Cadena, Maria; Lay, Siugmin; Wang, Qian; Bond, Michael Harris; Vargas Trujillo, Elvia; Balanta, Paola; Valk, Aune; Mekonnen, Kassahun Habtamu; Nizharadze, George; Fueloep, Marta; Regalia, Camillo; Manzi, Claudia; Brambilla, Maria; Harb, Charles; Aldhafri, Said; Martin, Mariana; Macapagal, Ma Elizabeth J.; Chybicka, Aneta; Gavreliuc, Alin; Buitendach, Johanna; Schweiger Gallo, Inge; Ozgen, Emre; Guner, Ulku E.; Yamakoglu, Nil
    The motive to attain a distinctive identity is sometimes thought to be stronger in, or even specific to, those socialized into individualistic cultures. Using data from 4,751 participants in 21 cultural groups (18 nations and 3 regions), we tested this prediction against our alternative view that culture would moderate the ways in which people achieve feelings of distinctiveness, rather than influence the strength of their motivation to do so. We measured the distinctiveness motive using an indirect technique to avoid cultural response biases. Analyses showed that the distinctiveness motive was not weaker and, if anything, was stronger-in more collectivistic nations. However, individualism collectivism was found to moderate the ways in which feelings of distinctiveness were constructed: Distinctiveness was associated more closely with difference and separateness in more individualistic cultures and was associated more closely with social position in more collectivistic cultures. Multilevel analysis confirmed that it is the prevailing beliefs and values in an individual's context, rather than the individual's own beliefs and values, that account for these differences.
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    Gendered Self-Views Across 62 Countries: A Test of Competing Models
    (2023) Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza; Bosson, Jennifer K.; Jurek, Pawel; Besta, Tomasz; Olech, Michal; Vandello, Joseph A.; Bender, Michael; Dandy, Justine; Hoorens, Vera; Jasinskaja-Lahti, Inga; Mankowski, Eric; Venalainen, Satu; Abuhamdeh, Sami; Agyemang, Collins Badu; Akbas, Gulcin; Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan; Ammirati, Soline; Anderson, Joel; Anjum, Gulnaz; Ariyanto, Amarina; Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R.; Ashraf, Mujeeba; Bakaityte, Aiste; Becker, Maja; Bertolli, Chiara; Berxulli, Dashamir; Best, Deborah L.; Bi, Chongzeng; Block, Katharina; Boehnke, Mandy; Bongiorno, Renata; Bosak, Janine; Casini, Annalisa; Chen, Qingwei; Chi, Peilian; Adoric, Vera Cubela; Daalmans, Serena; de Lemus, Soledad; Dhakal, Sandesh; Dvorianchikov, Nikolay; Egami, Sonoko; Etchezahar, Edgardo; Esteves, Carla Sofia; Froehlich, Laura; Garcia-Sanchez, Efrain; Gavreliuc, Alin; Gavreliuc, Dana; Gomez, Angel; Guizzo, Francesca; Graf, Sylvie; Greijdanus, Hedy; Grigoryan, Ani; Grzymala-Moszczynska, Joanna; Guerch, Keltouma; Senden, Marie Gustafsson; Hale, Miriam-Linnea; Hamer, Hannah; Hirai, Mika; Duc, Lam Hoang; Hrebickova, Martina; Hutchings, Paul B.; Jensen, Dorthe Hoj; Karabati, Serdar; Kelmendi, Kaltrina; Kengyel, Gabriella; Khachatryan, Narine; Ghazzawi, Rawan; Kinahan, Mary; Kirby, Teri A.; Kovacs, Monika; Kozlowski, Desiree; Krivoshchekov, Vladislav; Krys, Kuba; Kulich, Clara; Kurosawa, Tai; Nhan Thi Lac An; Labarthe-Carrara, Javier; Lauri, Mary Anne; Latu, Ioana; Lawal, Abiodun Musbau; Li, Junyi; Lindner, Jana; Lindqvist, Anna; Maitner, Angela T.; Makarova, Elena; Makashvili, Ana; Malayeri, Shera; Malik, Sadia; Mancini, Tiziana; Manzi, Claudia; Mari, Silvia; Martiny, Sarah E.; Mayer, Claude-Helene; Mihic, Vladimir; Dordevic, Jasna Milosevic; Moreno-Bella, Eva; Moscatelli, Silvia; Moynihan, Andrew Bryan; Muller, Dominique; Narhetali, Erita; Neto, Felix; Noels, Kimberly A.; Nyul, Boglarka; O'Connor, Emma C.; Ochoa, Danielle P.; Ohno, Sachiko; Adebayo, Sulaiman Olanrewaju; Osborne, Randall; Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina; Palacio, Jorge; Patnaik, Snigdha; Pavlopoulos, Vassilis; de Leon, Pablo Perez; Piterova, Ivana; Porto, Juliana Barreiros; Puzio, Angelica; Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Joanna; Perez, Erico Renteria; Renstrom, Emma; Rousseaux, Tiphaine; Ryan, Michelle K.; Safdar, Saba; Sainz, Mario; Salvati, Marco; Samekin, Adil; Schindler, Simon; Sevincer, A. Timur; Seydi, Masoumeh; Shepherd, Debra; Sherbaji, Sara; Schmader, Toni; Simao, Claudia; Sobhie, Rosita; Sobiecki, Jurand; De Souza, Lucille; Sarter, Emma; Sulejmanovic, Dijana; Sullivan, Katie E.; Tatsumi, Mariko; Tavitian-Elmadjian, Lucy; Thakur, Suparna Jain; Quang Thi Mong Chi; Torre, Beatriz; Torres, Ana; Torres, Claudio, V; Turkoglu, Beril; Ungaretti, Joaquin; Valshtein, Timothy; Van Laar, Colette; van der Noll, Jolanda; Vasiutynskyi, Vadym; Vauclair, Christin-Melanie; Vohra, Neharika; Walentynowicz, Marta; Ward, Colleen; Wlodarczyk, Anna; Yang, Yaping; Yzerbyt, Vincent; Zanello, Valeska; Zapata-Calvente, Antonella Ludmila; Zawisza, Magdalena; Zukauskiene, Rita; Zadkowska, Magdalena
    Social role theory posits that binary gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in less egalitarian countries, reflecting these countries' more pronounced sex-based power divisions. Conversely, evolutionary and self-construal theorists suggest that gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in more egalitarian countries, reflecting the greater autonomy support and flexible self-construction processes present in these countries. Using data from 62 countries (N = 28,640), we examine binary gender gaps in agentic and communal self-views as a function of country-level objective gender equality (the Global Gender Gap Index) and subjective distributions of social power (the Power Distance Index). Findings show that in more egalitarian countries, gender gaps in agency are smaller and gender gaps in communality are larger. These patterns are driven primarily by cross-country differences in men's self-views and by the Power Distance Index (PDI) more robustly than the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI). We consider possible causes and implications of these findings.
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    Populism, Economic Distress, Cultural Backlash, and Identity Threat: Integrating Patterns and Testing Cross-National Validity
    (2024) Manunta, Efisio; Becker, Maja; Vignoles, Vivian L.; Bertin, Paul; Crapolicchio, Eleonora; Contreras, Camila; Gavreliuc, Alin; Gonzalez, Roberto; Manzi, Claudia; Salanova, Thomas; Easterbrook, Matthew J.
    Populism is on the rise across liberal democracies. The sociopsychological underpinnings of this increasing endorsement of populist ideology should be uncovered. In an online cross-sectional survey study among adult samples from five countries (Chile, France, Italy, Romania, and the United Kingdom; N = 9,105), we aimed to replicate an economic distress pattern in which relative deprivation and identity threat are associated with populism. We further tested a cultural backlash pattern-including perceived anomie, collective narcissism, and identity threat as predictors of populism. Multigroup structural equation models supported both economic distress and cultural backlash paths as predictors of populist thin ideology endorsement. In both paths, identity threat to belonging played a significant role as partial mediator. Furthermore, an integrative model showed that the two patterns were not mutually exclusive. These findings emphasize the implication of identity threat to belonging as an explanatory mediator and demonstrate the cross-national generalizability of these patterns.