Browsing by Author "Luisa Garmendia, Maria"

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    Impact of the change of the Atalah standard cut-off point to classify underweight nutritional status during pregnancy
    (2021) Araya, Marcela B.; Pedro Kusanovic, Juan; Corvalan, Camila; Luisa Garmendia, Maria
    Chile, and several Latin American countries, use the Atalah standard to assess nutritional status during pregnancy. However, this standard (underweight: pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI)<20 kg/m(2) and normal weight: pre-pregnancy BMI= 20-24.9 kg/m(2)) differ from those recommended by the US Institute of Medicine (IOM2009) (underweight: BMI<18.5 kg/m(2) and normal weight: 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)). Using a large population database from a Chilean public hospital, we compared the prevalence of underweight and normal weight at the beginning of pregnancy with Atalah and IOM2009 standards. Additionally, we evaluated the performance of both standards in detecting adverse neonatal outcomes and gestational weight gain. Methods: Data from clinical records of single birth pregnancies (n= 59,476) at the Sotero del Rio Hospital, between 2003-2012 were collected. We compared 1. nutritional status, 2. proportion of excessive gestational weight gain, 3. association between nutritional status and neonatal outcomes (large/small for gestational age, low birth weight, preterm birth and macrosomia), using logistic regression models, and 4. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values to predict adverse neonatal outcomes per nutritional status. Results: Pre-pregnancy underweight decreased from 8.6% to 2.5% and women with BMI between 18.5-19.9kg/m(2), who exceeded the recommended gestational weight gain increased from 32.7% to 49.2% when using IOM2009 instead of Atalah. Both standards showed low sensitivity, but the IOM2009 cut-off points showed better specificity for identifying healthy newborns. Conclusion: The cut-off points recommended by the IOM2009 better identify the prevalence of underweight and normal weight during pregnancy without increasing neonatal risk. This study supports the recent change of the Ministry of Health in adopting the WHO cut-off points during pregnancy.
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    Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against Cancer 1st Edition: 17 cancer prevention recommendations to the public and to policy-makers (World Code Against Cancer Framework)
    (2023) Espina, Carolina; Feliu, Ariadna; Maza, Mauricio; Almonte, Maribel; Ferreccio, Catterina; Finck, Carolyn; Herrero, Rolando; Rivera Dommarco, Juan; Maria de Almeida, Liz; Arrossi, Silvina; Garcia, Patricia J.; Luisa Garmendia, Maria; Mohar, Alejandro; Murillo, Raul; Santamaria, Julio; Tortolero-Luna, Guillermo; Cazap, Eduardo; Gabriel, Owen O.; Paonessa, Diego; Zoss, J. Walter; Luciani, Silvana; Carvalho, Andre; Schuz, Joachim
    Preventable risk factors are responsible of at least 40% of cases and almost 45% of all cancer deaths worldwide. Cancer is already the leading cause of death in almost half of the Latin American and the Caribbean countries constituting a public health problem. Cost-effective measures to reduce exposures through primary prevention and screening of certain types of cancers are critical in the fight against cancer but need to be tailored to the local needs and scenarios. The Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) Code Against Cancer, 1st edition, consists of 17 evidence-based recommendations for the general public, based on the most recent solid evidence on lifestyle, environmental, occupational, and infectious risk factors, and medical interventions. Each recommendation is accompanied by recommendations for policymakers to guide governments establishing the infrastructure needed to enable the public adopting the recommendations. The LAC Code Against Cancer has been developed in a collaborative effort by a large number of experts from the region, under the umbrella strategy and authoritative methodology of the World Code Against Cancer Framework. The Code is a structured instrument ideal for cancer prevention and control that aims to raise awareness and educate the public, while building capacity and competencies to policymakers, health professionals, stakeholders, to contribute to reduce the burden of cancer in LAC.
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    The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) as a screening instrument for adolescents
    (ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2009) Santis, Rodrigo; Luisa Garmendia, Maria; Acuna, Gonzalo; Elena Alvarado, Maria; Arteaga, Oscar
    Background: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is an international screening instrument extensively employed in adult target groups. However, there is scarce information on screening with the AUDIT in adolescent Populations. The purpose of this study was to determine the cut-off point for hazardous, harmful, and dependent alcohol use through the validation of the AUDIT in a Chilean adolescent sample.