Browsing by Author "Leiva-Bianchi, Marcelo"

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    Components of event-related potentials and borderline personality disorder: a meta-analysis
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Salas, Fabiola; Nvo-Fernández, Marcelo; Leiva-Bianchi, Marcelo; Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot; Sepúlveda Páez, Geraldy; Vía García, Marc; César Villacura-Herrera
    Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by symptoms associated with difficulties in emotion regulation, altered self-image, impulsivity, and instability in personal relationships. A relationship has been found between BPD symptoms and altered neuropsychological processes. Studies of event-related potentials (ERP) measured with electroencephalogram (EEG) have found neural correlates related to BPD symptoms. Of note is the P300 component, considered a potential mental health biomarker for trauma-associated disorders. However, no meta-analysis has been found to demonstrate this relationship. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between the P300 component and BPD symptoms. To evaluate the relationship of other ERP components with BPD symptoms. Methods: The method and procedure were adjusted to the PRISMA checklist. The search was performed in three databases: WOS, Scopus and PubMed. A Random Effects Model was used to perform the analysis of the studies. In addition, a meta-regression was performed with % women, Gini and GDP. Finally, a descriptive analysis of the main results found between P300, other ERP components (LPP, P100 and ERN/Ne) and BPD symptoms was performed. Results: From a review of 485 articles, a meta-analysis was performed with six articles that met the inclusion criteria. A moderate, positive relationship was found between the P300 component and BPD symptoms (REM =.489; p <.001). It was not possible to perform meta-analyses for other ERP components (LPP, P100 and ERN/Ne) due to the low number of articles found. Conclusion: The idea that P300 could be considered for use as a biomarker to identify altered neural correlates in BPD is reinforced. In addition, a moderating effect of inequality (Gini) was detected.
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    Effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in Treating Borderline Personality Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    (2025) Nvo Fernandez, Marcelo; Salas, Fabiola; Miño Reyes, Valentina; Ahumada Méndez, Francisco; Medina, Pablo; Avello Saez, Daniela Margot; Floriano Landim, Síbila; Via, Marc; Napolitano, Nicholas; Leiva-Bianchi, Marcelo
    Background:Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is recommended by major health organizations for trauma treatment, but its efficacy for borderline personality disorder (BPD) remains unestablished. This study aims to evaluate EMDR’s effectiveness in treating BPD through a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and compare its outcomes with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).Methods:A total of 76 individuals participated in the RCT, with 18 patients (78% female) completing the study. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either EMDR (n = 8) or CBT (n = 10) via teletherapy sessions. Trauma symptoms were assessed using the international trauma questionnaire (ITQ), BPD symptoms were assessed using the Personality Assessment Inventory-Borderline Features Scale (PAI-BOR), and post-traumatic growth (PTG) was assessed using the post-traumatic growth inventory (PTGI). Additionally, attentional evaluations were conducted at behavioral and electroencephalographic levels through an oddball paradigm. A final comparison was made between a participant who did not complete the therapeutic process and a participant who did.Results:Both EMDR and CBT treatments significantly improved trauma and BPD symptoms, as well as post-traumatic growth. The effect size was moderate for ITQ (η2 = 0.615) and PTGI (η2 = 0.610), and low for PAI-BOR (η2 = 0.147). Symptomatic participants showed a decrease in ITQ (p = 0.006) and PAI-BOR (p = 0.047) scores, and an increase in PTGI scores (p = 0.028).Conclusions:Both EMDR and CBT significantly improved trauma and BPD symptoms, as well as post-traumatic growth. Additionally, EMDR showed benefits in response accuracy and speed, with a correct response rate of 97% when comparing two participants (with and without therapy). However, completely clean electroencephalography (EEG) data were not obtained from both participants for a deeper comparison.Clinical Trial Registration:The study was registered at https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN91146045, registration number: ISRCTN91146045, registration date: 21 May 2021.
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    Relation between sleep disorders and attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity in children and adolescents: A systematic review
    (2023) Arias-Mera, Claudio; Paillama-Raimán, Daniel; Lucero González, Nayadet-Noelia; Leiva-Bianchi, Marcelo; Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot
    Background: Sleep problems have a high recurrence in children and adolescents with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADHD) experience high rates of sleep problems. Objective: Understand the relationship between sleep disorders and ADHD symptoms. Methods and procedures: A systematic review was performed using electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Lilacs, and Psychology Database (ProQuest) systems. The quality of each article was assessed using a 5-criteria checklist, measuring relevant dimensions. Outcomes and results: The review analyzed fifteen articles, were included that raised the realizations among sleep problems in the population of children with ADHD, obtaining a total of 1645 children and adolescents with ADHD that were compared with typical development groups. The articles selected for this systematic review of observational design have a high quality. Conclusions and implications: Children and adolescents with ADHD have sleep problems, which may exacerbate or be the cause of the ADHD clinic, affecting the quality of life of children and their families. Early inquiry and a timely approach can contribute to reducing the severity of ADHD symptoms.