Browsing by Author "Larroulet, Pilar"

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    Economic Effects of Adolescent to Adult Patterns of Cannabis Use: Full-Time Employment and Employment Stability
    (2020) Bears Augustyn, Megan; Loughran, Thomas; Larroulet, Pilar; Henry, Kimberly L.
    Research has yet to examine stability in employment as a function of cannabis use once an individual transitions into full-time work. Using data from the Rochester Youth Development Study, trajectories of cannabis use spanning ages 14 to 30 were identified among a sample of predominantly minorities (>80%; 68% African American). After hard-classifying individuals by patterns of cannabis use, probabilities of full-time employment and conditional probabilities of full-time employment were calculated and compared across patterns of use. Abstention or rare cannabis use was associated with a higher likelihood of full-time employment compared with other cannabis use patterns. Full-time employment stability was high for each pattern of cannabis use (>89%) and differences decreased with age and prior periods of employment. The results indicate that patterns of cannabis use spanning adolescence to adulthood have limited impact on the ability to retain full-time employment once employed and are interpreted in light of growing legalization of cannabis use.
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    From prison to work? Job-crime patterns for women in a precarious labor market
    (2023) Larroulet, Pilar; Daza, Sebastian; Borquez, Ignacio
    Finding and retaining a job is one of the most challenging problems women confront after being released from prison. Given the dynamic and fluid interactions between legal and illegal work, we argue that to better identify and describe job trajectories after release, we must simultaneously consider disparities in work types and offending behavior. We leverage a unique dataset - the Reintegration, Desistance and Recidivism Among Female Inmates in Chile study- to describe patterns of employment within a cohort of 207 women during the first year after being released from prison. By considering different types of work (i.e., self-employed/employed, legitimate/under- the-table) and including offending as another type of income-generating activity, we adequately account for the intersection between work and crime in a particularly understudied population and context. Our results reveal stable heterogeneity in employment trajectories by job type across respondents but limited overlap between crime and work despite the high levels of marginali-zation in the job market. We discuss the role of barriers to and preferences for certain types of jobs as possible explanations for our findings.
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    Intergenerational Continuity and Discontinuity in Substance Use: the Role of Concurrent Parental Marijuana Use
    (2021) Larroulet, Pilar; Loughran, Thomas A.; Augustyn, Megan B.; Thornberry, Terence P.; Henry, Kimberly L.
    This study examines whether parental marijuana use that occurs during the life of a child impacts patterns of continuity and discontinuity in adolescent substance use among father-child dyads. The study uses data from 263 father-child-mother triads involved in the Rochester Youth Development Study (RYDS) and the Rochester Intergenerational Study (RIGS). We use a dual trajectory model to examine the research questions. Results suggest that both paternal and maternal marijuana use during the child's life increase the probability that a child will follow a moderate or high substance use trajectory during adolescence, beyond the risk incurred from paternal adolescent history of substance use. Some nuances related to the timing of concurrent parental marijuana use emerge across parent sex. The results highlight the important role of both caregivers in the explanation of patterns of discontinuity across generations, as well as the relevance of considering when the use occurred.
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    ¿Por qué las mujeres (no) denuncian?: Un análisis socioecológico ampliado de la violencia sexual contra mujeres adultas en Chile
    (2025) Da Silva, Baracho Bianca; Fernández Lorca, María Beatriz; Larroulet, Pilar
    La violencia sexual constituye una grave violación de los derechos humanos con alta prevalencia global, particularmente entre mujeres. Sin embargo, presenta las tasas más bajas de denuncia. Este estudio analiza los factores que inciden en la probabilidad de denuncia en 787 mujeres adultas en Chile, mediante un enfoque socioecológico ampliado que integra niveles individuales, interaccionales, situacionales, macrosociales y cronosistémicos. Utilizando datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Violencia contra la Mujer, se examinan las dinámicas que configuran esta decisión. Los resultados muestran que las mujeres jóvenes, con baja aceptación de roles tradicionales de género y que han vivido victimización en contextos privados o múltiples, presentan mayor propensión a denunciar. El estudio amplía el conocimiento sobre la denuncia de violencia sexual desde una mirada contextualizada en América Latina, incorporando dimensiones socioculturales poco exploradas en la literatura internacional