Browsing by Author "Inzunza Hernández, Oscar Alejandro"

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    Absence of musculocutaneous nerve associated with the presence of an accessory head of the biceps brachii muscle: report of a bilateral case and its clinical implications
    (2023) Farfán Cabello, Emilio Erasmo; Araya, Felipe; Barroilhet Castillo, Manuel; Cornejo, Francisco; Gutierrez, Agustin; Vergara, Matias; Inzunza Hernández, Oscar Alejandro; Sanchez, Natalia; Tramolao Osses, Jaritza Andrea; Inostroza, Veronica
    The anatomical variants of the biceps brachii muscle (BBM) are frequent, mostly unilaterally than bilaterally, and are associated with supernumerary muscle bellies, the total absence of the muscle or one of its heads, and variations in the points of origin and insertion. In the same way, the variants of the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) can include alterations in its course, number of branches, or anatomical relations, whereas its absence is considered an atypical variation. The aim of this work was to report the absence of musculocutaneous nerve associated with the presence of one accessory head of the biceps brachii muscle. Dissection of a female cadaver, fixed in 10% buff- ered formaldehyde, which did not present previous surgeries in the studied area was performed. Variations were noted in both upper limbs related to accessory muscle bellies and change in innervation. Anatomical relations of muscles and nerves were determined by following proximal to distal ends, relation, vascularization, and innervation pattern. The absence of MCN associated with the presence of one accessory head of the BBM were found bilaterally. These anatomical variations are atypical. Clinically, these variations can produce compressive symptoms that could generate confusing diagnostics and conduce to unnecessary procedures on the arm, inducing iatrogenic actions.
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    Academic benefits of using cadaveric material in health sciences education: Report of an experience
    (2023) Farfán Cabello, Emilio Erasmo; Inzunza Hernández, Oscar Alejandro
    The use of cadaveric material to study anato-my has been curbed by the requirements for its maintenance and use and by the anatomical con-tents in medical curricula, negatively affecting students. This study aimed to demonstrate the reported benefits of using cadaveric material in teaching anatomy. The benefits were categorized into 3 groups: audiovisual resources, teaching, and institutional cooperation and research. 1) Au-diovisual resources: 2234 photographs, 256 vid-eos, 16 websites, 28 anatomical replicas using 3D printing, the Laminario Anatomico, and a gym-khana online simulator. Students were surveyed about their perception and use of these resources. Their responses indicate they are considered use-ful tools for teaching and learning. 2) Teaching: all the practical activities with cadaveric materi- al are comprehensively undertaken in different formats every year. 15 undergraduate programs have prosection activities, 9 graduate degree programs and 4 post-graduate qualification pro- grams have prosection and dissection activities, and 22 graduate degree programs have cadaveric surgical training. 3) Institutional cooperation and research: 2 doctoral theses, 1 master's thesis, and 37 publications. The use of cadaveric material is a contribution that strengthens all aspects of aca-demia in the development of both instructors and institutions.