Browsing by Author "Inzunza H, Oscar"

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    Evaluation of mandibular anatomy related to sagittal split ramus osteotomy
    (SOC CHILENA ANATOMIA, 2012) Salgado A, Guillermo; Inzunza H, Oscar; Cantin, Mario; Fuentes, Ramon; Inostroza, Veronica; Jesus Errazuriz, Maria; Pavez, Cindy
    Sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) of the mandible is one of the most common surgical techniques to correct mandibular deformities. In order to prevent many surgical anatomical problems, surgeons have found that further investigation of the anatomical structures related to SSRO is needed. This study aims to investigate positions of the antilingula (AL), inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and other anatomic landmarks in relation to the lingula of dried mandibles. 70 Chilean dried hemimandibles were studied. The AL, others landmarks and the corresponding position of the L were marked on the internal and external aspect of the mandibular ramus respectively. The distances from the AL, IAN and L were measured in the anterior posterior and the superior inferior planes using a digital caliper and geometric relationship was established. The results showed the AL was discernible in 100% of lateral mandibular rami studied. The most of the AL was found anteriorly to the L with a mean distance of 0.66 +/- 2.43mm and 0.92 +/- 2.56mm, and 4.23 +/- 2.97mm and 3.62 +/- 3.14mm superiorly (right-left sides respectively) (both with p value <0.001). Similar values were seen in relation with IAN. No significant differences were found between the right and left sides, for the majority of parameters. The studied parameters will assist clinicians to determine the anatomical proximity to the IAN, and, minimize the risk of damaging nerver and vessels. We do not recommend the use of antilingula as only anatomical landmark when performing a SSRO procedure.
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    Massive Communication Between the Superficial Branch of Radial Nerve and Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Forearm, Anatomical and Clinical Implications. A Case Report
    (SOC CHILENA ANATOMIA, 2011) Inzunza A, Martin; Salgado A, Guillermo; Gonzalez S, Andrea; De la Cuadra F, Juan Carlos; Inzunza H, Oscar
    The distribution of the sensory nerve branches in the lateral and the back of the hand have been described more accurately in the past decades due to advancement of high performance electro-diagnostic variation techniques, which indicate that approximately 40% of the population examined have some degree of anatomical variation in the distribution area of the nerves involved. In this case we present an extremely rare, bilaterally detected variation, involving the superficial branch of the radial nerve (SBRN) and lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve of the forearm (LABCN), where the SBRN is connected integrally with the medial branch of LABCN, forming a common trunk (CT) distributed by the dorsal region of the hand. Furthermore, the lateral branch of the LABCN is distributed in the lateral border of the hand, occupying the area of the skin of the SBRN, an event that is described only once in the literature. The discovery of these anatomical variations in dissected cadavers for teaching purposes, in the Department of Anatomy, have an undeniable educational value for our undergraduate students and especially for the graduate who can observe the enormous variability of human beings first hand, and value implications of this anatomical knowledge in daily clinic.
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    The Dorsoepicondylar Medial Muscle a Clinically Relevant Anatomical Variation
    (2019) Farfan C, Emilio; Inzunza H, Oscar; Echeverria M, Mark; Inostroza R, Veronica
    Anatomical variations in the axillary region do not always appear in modern human anatomy texts, which leaves the risk of diagnostic and surgical errors by doctors unaware of these variations. This work presents an anatomical variation of muscular type in the axillary region that can potentially generate clinical manifestations or iatrogenic results during surgical procedures. Routine dissection of an upper limb in a male cadaver. An atypical muscle was found in the axillary region, located at the base of the right axilla, and conformed by three muscle fascicles that give rise to a common muscular belly. The three fascicles are joined at the base of the axilla, and form a thin flat muscle 120 mm long from this join to its tendon, with a cross-section diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. The common belly of the muscle establishes a posterior relationship with the neurovascular elements of the axillary fossa and partially covers them. The tendon 150 mm in length originates at the level of the union of the upper and middle thirds of the aim and ends inserted in the medial epicondyle of the humerus, relating in its path with muscular and neurovascular elements of the arm. Being familiar with this variation enriches diagnostic and surgical abilities and reduces the possibility of iatrogenia in surgery of the axillary and brachial regions.