Browsing by Author "Ingvardson, Jesper Blafoss"

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    Incorporating psychological needs in commute mode choice modelling: a hybrid choice framework
    (2021) Ingvardson, Jesper Blafoss; Thorhauge, Mikkel; Kaplan, Sigal; Nielsen, Otto Anker; Raveau Feliú, Sebastián
    This study proposes an integrated choice and latent variable model (ICLV) for commute mode choice that incorporates satisfaction of human needs and perceived functional and psychological barriers to using certain modes. The modelling framework is validated by data from a survey of commuters in the Greater Copenhagen area, which has large numbers of car users, public transport riders and bicyclists. The model results suggest that higher bicycle use is correlated to positive cycling self-concepts. Similarly, the commute choice of driving is positively correlated with car self-concepts and negatively correlated with functional difficulties in car use. Respondents with a strong focus on functional travel needs are most likely to commute using a car and least likely to use public transport. Evaluation of the effects of improving conditions for bicycles showed that the latent variables had a large influence on the potential mode shifts, highlighting that the mode choice of travellers is largely associated with mode-specific perceptions and fulfilment of travel needs rather than solely level-of-service characteristics. By analysing the mode shifts across the latent variables, further insights on the motives for travel behaviour decisions were obtained, thereby highlighting the superiority of ICLV models to simple multinomial logit models. Furthermore, the study also revealed that socio-economic variables could explain mode choice both directly and indirectly through their impact on the latent variables. This means that a given policy might have a different impact according to the present ICLV model than when estimated by traditional models.
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    Inertia and shock effects in public transport: The case of metro line 6 in Santiago using smart card data
    (2025) Ingvardson, Jesper Blafoss; Raveau Feliu, Sebastián; Soza Parra, Jaime
    Traffic forecasting has traditionally relied solely on characteristics related to services and users. However, recent research has highlighted the importance of considering travellers' psychological factors in explaining travel behaviour. While previous studies have incorporated the role of habits in travel choice behaviour, only a few have analysed the role of inertia and shock related to major changes in transport networks. This study contributes to previous research by revealing the changes in the behaviour of public transport passengers over time after the inauguration of a new metro line in Santiago, Chile, using large-scale revealed-preference data from automated fare collection systems. It explicitly analysed the consequences of the new metro on passenger behaviour by considering different passenger types, using a heteroskedastic mixed latent class public transport mode choice model incorporating both inertia effects resulting from habitual behaviour and shock effects resulting from a significant change to the public transport network. The results confirmed significant habitual behaviour among passengers, in that metro users tended to stick to using the metro, but bus users tended to switch to other modes. However, after the introduction of the new metro line, a significant shock effect was observed, whereby users had an increased tendency to switch to modes that improved their level of service, and this effect increased slightly in the longer term. The results highlight the importance of incorporating inertia and shock effects into behavioural studies.