Browsing by Author "Hidalgo, J"

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    ClC-3 is a fundamental molecular component of volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying Cl- channels and volume regulation in HeLa cells and Xenopus laevis oocytes
    (2002) Hermoso, M; Satterwhite, CM; Andrade, YN; Hidalgo, J; Wilson, SM; Horowitz, B; Hume, JR
    Volume-sensitive osmolyte and anion channels (VSOACs) are activated upon cell swelling in most vertebrate cells. Native VSOACs are believed to be a major pathway for regulatory volume decrease (RVD) through efflux of chloride and organic osmolytes. ClC-3 has been proposed to encode native VSOACs in Xenopus laevis oocytes and in some mammalian cells, including cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells. The relationship between the ClC-3 chloride channel, the native volume-sensitive osmolyte and anion channel (VSOAC) currents, and cell volume regulation in HeLa cells and X. laevis oocytes was investigated using ClC-3 antisense. In situ hybridization in HeLa cells, semiquantitative and real-time PCR, and immunoblot studies in HeLa cells and X. laevis oocytes demonstrated the presence of ClC-3 mRNA and protein, respectively. Exposing both cell types to hypotonic solutions induced cell swelling and activated native VSOACs. Transient transfection of HeLa cells with ClC-3 antisense oligonucleotide or X. laevis oocytes injected with antisense cRNA abolished the native ClC-3 mRNA transcript and protein and significantly reduced the density of native VSOACs activated by hypotonically induced cell swelling. In addition, antisense against native ClC-3 significantly impaired the ability of HeLa cells and X. laevis oocytes to regulate their volume. These results suggest that ClC-3 is an important molecular component underlying VSOACs and the RVD process in HeLa cells and X. laevis oocytes.
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    Delirium in Chilean elderly inpatients: an overlooked problem
    (SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2005) Carrasco, M; Hoyl, T; Marin, PP; Hidalgo, J; Lagos, C; Longton, C; Chavez, P; Valenzuela, E; Arriagada, D
    Background: Delirium is a common underdiagnosed and undertreated problem in elderly inpatients, associated to higher morbidity, mortality and health cost. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of delirium as hospital admission in medically ill elderly patients and the attending physician's diagnosis and treatment of delirium. Patients and methods: In a prospective and descriptive study, consecutive patients aged 65 years or more, admitted to an internal medicine ward were evaluated by independent physicians, during the first 48 h of admission, to asses the presence of delirium. Diagnosis of delirium was based on the Confusion Assessment Method. Medical and nurse records were reviewed. Family was interviewed when necessary. Results: One hundred eight patients (52% women, age range 65-94 years) with an APACHE II score of 11.6+/-5, were evaluated. Fifty seven patients (52% women, age range 65-94 years) with an APACHE II score of 5% mixed). Delirium prevalence was significantly higher in older patients (66% among those aged 75 years or older versus 30% in younger; p <0.05) and among patients with more severe conditions (88% among those with an APACHE score over 16 versus 47% below that value, p <0.05). Medical records of patients with delirium showed that this diagnosis was present only in 32% and cognitive deficit was described in 73%. Ten percent of patients with delirium received sedative medication and 38% were physically restricted. There were no environmental interventions to prevent or control delirium. Conclusions: Delirium in elderly inpatients at this until is an extraordinarily prevalent problem, seriously under diagnosed (68%) and under treated. This study should alerts our medical community to improve the diagnosis and management of delirium in elderly inpatients.