Browsing by Author "Guzman, Luis"

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    Antiplatelet, anticoagulant, and fibrinolytic activity in vitro of extracts from selected fruits and vegetables
    (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2011) Torres Urrutia, Constanza; Guzman, Luis; Schmeda Hirschmann, Guillermo; Moore Carrasco, Rodrigo; Alarcon, Marcelo; Astudillo, Luis; Gutierrez, Margarita; Carrasco, Gilda; Yuri, Jose A.; Aranda, Eduardo; Palomo, Ivan
    A diet rich in fruits and vegetables is known to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the information regarding the antithrombotic activity (antiplatelet, anticoagulant, and fibrinolytic) of fruits and vegetables is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the antithrombotic activity of extracts from fruits and vegetables widely consumed in central Chile. The study included samples of 19 fruits and 26 vegetables, representative of the local diet. The extracts prepared from each sample included an aqueous (juice or pressed solubles) and/or methanol-soluble fraction. The extracts were evaluated for antiplatelet, anticoagulant, and fibrinolytic activity in vitro at a final concentration of 1 mg/ml. The antiplatelet activity was assessed by platelet aggregation inhibition; anticoagulant activity was measured by the prothrombin time (PT), diluted prothrombin time (dPT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), kaolin clotting time (KCT), and thrombin time. The fibrinolytic effect was determined with the euglobin clot lysis time and fibrin plate methods. Extracts of green beans and tomatoes inhibited platelet aggregation induced by ADP and arachidonic acid, in a concentration-dependent manner. The methanolic extracts of grapes prolonged the PT and dPT. Finally, extracts of raspberry prolonged the APTT and also presented fibrinolytic activity. In conclusion, from a screening that included a variety of fruits and vegetables, we found antiplatelet activity in green beans and tomatoes, anticoagulant activities in grapes and raspberries, whereas fibrinolytic activity was observed only in raspberries. Further investigations are necessary to advance in knowledge of the active compounds of these fruits and vegetables and their mechanisms of action. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 22:197-205 (c) 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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    Novel N-benzoylimidazolium ionic liquids derived from benzoic and hydroxybenzoic acids as therapeutic alternative against Biofilm-forming bacteria in skin and soft-tissue infections
    (2022) Forero-Doria, Oscar; Parra-Cid, Cristobal; Venturini, Whitney; Espinoza, Carolina; Araya-Maturana, Ramiro; Valenzuela-Riffo, Felipe; Saldias, Cesar; Leiva, Angel; Duarte, Yorley; Echeverria, Javier; Guzman, Luis
    The skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) -producing pathogens have acquired resistance to a wide range of antimicrobials, thus it is highly relevant to have new treatment alternatives. In this study, we report the synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of three novel series of ionic liquids (ILs) derived from benzoic and hydroxybenzoic acids, with different lengths of the alkyl chain. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were tested in Gram positive: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus pyogenes, and Gram negative: Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli, showing a MIC range of 0.01562 2.0 mM, with the activity varying according to the aromatic ring functionalization and the length of the alkyl chains. Regarding the antibiofilm activity, different efficacy was observed among the different ILs, some of them presenting antibiofilm activities close to 80% as in the case of those derived from syringic acid with an alkyl chain of six carbon atoms against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furthermore, the cell viability in HaCaT cells was determined, showing a half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values higher than the MIC values. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm results, along with not producing cellular toxicity at the MIC values shows that these ILs could be a promising alternative against SSTIs.