Browsing by Author "Godoy, Claudia"

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    Avian orthoavulavirus 1 (Newcastle Disease virus) antibodies in five penguin species, Antarctic peninsula and Southern Patagonia
    (2021) Ariyama, Naomi; Tapia, Rodrigo; Godoy, Claudia; Aguero, Belen; Valdes, Valentina; Berrios, Felipe; Garcia Borboroglu, Pablo; Putz, Klemens; Alegria, Raul; Barriga, Gonzalo P.; Medina, Rafael; Neira, Victor
    Avian orthoavulavirus 1 (AOaV-1) causes Newcastle disease, one of the most important and contagious infections in poultry, where migratory birds can play a key role as a reservoir. Seven hundred and seven serum samples were collected from five penguin species (King, Magellanic, Gentoo, Chinstrap and Adelie penguins) in the Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic zones. Using a competitive ELISA to detect antibodies against AOaV-1, we identified positive individuals in all penguin species. The Magellanic penguin showed the highest seropositivity rate (30.3%), suggesting it could be a natural reservoir of this virus. At the Antarctic zones, Chinstrap penguin showed the highest occurrence (7.5%). Interesting, positive sera was only obtained in Sub-Antarctic and Northern zones at the Antarctic peninsula, no seroreactivity was observed in Southern locations. Further studies are needed to establish the role of these penguin species in the epidemiology of the AOaV-1 and determine the effects of this virus in these populations.
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    Clusters of Autoimmune Diseases in Children and the Role of PTPN22 C1858T Gene Polymorphism in Pediatric Polyautoimmunity
    (2014) Borzutzky Schachter, Arturo; Seiltgens, Cristián; Iruretagoyena B., Mirentxu; Cristi, Francisca; Ponce, María Jesús ; Melendez, Patricia; Martínez Aguayo, Alejandro; Hodgson Bunster, María Isabel; Talesnik Guendelman, Eduardo; Riera Cassorla, Francisca Paz; Méndez, Cecilia; Harris D., Paul R.; García Bruce, Hernán; Gana Ansaldo, Juan Cristóbal; Godoy, Claudia; Cattani Ortega, Andreína
    Background/Purpose:Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) have familial aggregation and frequently share a common genetic background, but few studies have evaluated autoimmune clusters in children with AIDs and their families. Children with more than one AID (pediatric polyautoimmunity) may have a stronger genetic component than children with a single AID. The objectives of this study were to identify clusters of AIDs in children and their first-degree relatives and to evaluate the association of PTPN22 C1858T gene polymorphism with pediatric polyautoimmunity.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed in subjects with an AID of pediatric onset (<18 years)recruited at Pediatric Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology Clinics at the Health Network of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile School of Medicine. Clusters of AIDs were identified by K-means cluster analysis. The PTPN22 C1858T gene polymorphism was determined by RT-PCR in subjects with pediatric polyautoimmunity and in subjects with three common AIDs: juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), and type I diabetes (T1D).Results:191 subjects with pediatric AIDs were included, of which 45 (24%) had polyautoimmunity. Mean age was 12.1 years (range 1–19) and 68% were female. Most frequent AIDs were JIA (36%), AITD (25%), T1D (19%), uveitis (8%), celiac disease (6%), and vitiligo (6%). 59% of subjects with pediatric autoimmunity had first-degree relatives with an AID. Five clusters of AID were identified in families of children with autoimmunity (Table 1). Among the 45 subjects with pediatric polyautoimmunity, four clusters of AIDs were identified (Table 2). Genomic DNA from 128 subjects was evaluated for PTPN22 C1858T gene polymorphism revealing common homozygosity (C/C) in 85.2%, heterozygosity (C/T) in 13.3%, and rare homozygosity (T/T) in 1.6 %, in equilibrium with Hardy Weinberg equation (P = 0.4). 26% of polyautoimmune subjects had the T allele in contrast with 11% of monoautoimmune subjects (P = 0.04). No significant difference was found in the age of onset of autoimmunity between mono and polyautoimmune subjects (P = 0.44) or between subjects with C/C genotype vs. C/T and T/T genotypes (P = 0.81).
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    Mild fasting hyperglycemia in children: high rate of glucokinase mutations and some risk of developing type 1 diabetes mellitus
    (WILEY, 2009) Codner, Ethel; Rocha, Ana; Deng, Liyong; Martinez Aguayo, Alejandro; Godoy, Claudia; Mericq, Veronica; Chung, Wendy K.
    Background: Incidental hyperglycemia in children generates concern about the presence of preclinical type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM).