Browsing by Author "Giordano Villatoro, Ady Iveth"

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    Bioactive compounds in Apis mellifera monofloral honeys
    (2021) Viteri Espinoza, Rafael Antonio; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Montenegro Rizzardini, Gloria; Giordano Villatoro, Ady Iveth
    Honey is a natural product with a sweet flavor. Honey is made by the honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) from the nectar of flowers or other plant secretions that are collected near the hive. These products are mixed with bee saliva and stored. Several studies have demonstrated that honey exhibits antioxidant, antimicrobial, nematicidal, antifungal, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. These properties are influenced by the plants from which the secretions are harvested, from the naturally occurring compounds present in the nectar. Studies of the properties and applications of honey have distinguished honey from other natural products due to the presence of certain compounds and due its bioactive properties. The focus of this review is to discuss the identified and isolated compounds from monofloral honey produced by A. mellifera, with specific emphasis on antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of honey and its therapeutic health benefits.
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    Differential effects of propofol anaesthesia across three amplitude-defined electroencephalographic states in sedated critically ill term neonates
    (European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, 2025) Boncompte Lezaeta, Gonzalo Nicolas; Cortinez Fernández, Luis Ignacio; Toso Milos, Alberto Antonio; Giordano Villatoro, Ady Iveth; Cruzat Riquelme, Francisco Javier; Fuentes, Ricardo; Pedemonte Trewhela, Juan Cristóbal; Contreras Ibacache, Víctor Eliseo; Biggs Muñoz, Daniela Paola; Chiu, Esteban; Ibacache Figueroa, Mauricio Enrique
    The developing neonatal brain displays different electroencephalographic (EEG) responses to GABAergic anaesthetics than adults. Evidence suggests the importance of isoelectric-like activity patterns. However, markers of hypnotic depth are currently lacking for this population. OBJECTIVE To explore potential EEG markers of propofol-induced hypnosis in sedated critically ill term neonates. DESIGN Observational exploratory cohort study. PATIENTS Twenty critically ill term neonates (postmenstrual age 37 to 44 weeks) undergoing intensive care and requiring anaesthesia for noncardiac surgery. Patients with perinatal asphyxia, neurological pathology, brain malformations and metabolic or haemodynamic instability were excluded. INTERVENTION(S) Frontal EEG (Sedline) was recorded before induction and during a 20-min continuous rate propofol infusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Depending on peak amplitude, segmented EEG signals (1 s epochs) were classified as either isoelectric (<10 μV), low-voltage 10 to 25 μV), or high-voltage (>25 μV). Propofol effects were evaluated in terms of time occupancy and spectral properties within these EEG states. Correlations between clinical variables and EEG states were explored. RESULTS The EEGs of 17 neonates were analysed. Most showed periods of low-voltage (16/17, 94%) and isoelectric states (2/17, 70.5%) before anaesthesia. The time spent in these EEG states increased significantly during propofol infusion; 17/17 (100%), P < 0.001 and 16/17 (94.1%), P = 0.016, respectively. Propofol increased the mean [95% confidence interval (CI)] time spent in the isoelectric state per patient: 12.4 (3.3 to 21.5)% versus 28.6 (14.4 to 42.8)%, P < 0.002. A reduced spectral power was observed across all frequency bands during low-voltage states (all P < 0.026). Gestational age was negatively correlated with time in the isoelectric state; rho, 95% CI, −0.539 (−0.11 to −0.87), P = 0.031. CONCLUSION Our results show that isoelectric periods are common before anaesthesia in our studied population and more frequent in patients born at earlier gestational ages. The data suggest that propofol anaesthesia increases isoelectric EEG states while also reducing the spectral power, specifically during low-voltage EEG states. Potentially, both of these EEG changes could be biomarkers of neonatal hypnosis depth in this particular critically ill subpopulation. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04904965.