Browsing by Author "Gephart, Jessica A."

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Aquaculture governance: five engagement arenas for sustainability transformation
    (2023) Partelow, Stefan; Asif, Furqan; Bene, Christophe; Bush, Simon; Manlosa, Aisa O.; Nagel, Ben; Schlueter, Achim; Chadag, Vishnumurthy M.; Choudhury, Afrina; Cole, Steven M.; Cottrell, Richard S.; Gelcich, Stefan; Gentry, Rebecca; Gephart, Jessica A.; Glaser, Marion; Johnson, Teresa R.; Jonell, Malin; Krause, Geshe; Kunzmann, Andreas; Kuehnhold, Holger; Little, Dave C.; Marschke, Melissa J.; Mizuta, Darien D.; Paramita, Adiska O.; Pin, Nie; Salayo, Nerissa D.; Stentiford, Grant D.; Stoll, Joshua; Troell, Max; Turchini, Giovanni M.
    A greater focus on governance is needed to facilitate effective and substantive progress toward sustainability transformations in the aquaculture sector. Concerted governance efforts can help move the sector beyond fragmented technical questions associated with intensification and expansion, social and environmental impacts, and toward system-based approaches that address interconnected sustainability issues. Through a review and expert-elicitation process, we identify five engagement arenas to advance a governance agenda for aquaculture sustainability transformation: (1) setting sustainability transformation goals, (2) cross-sectoral linkages, (3) land-water-sea connectivity, (4) knowledge and innovation, and (5) value chains. We then outline the roles different actors and modes of governance can play in fostering sustainability transformations, and discuss action items for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to operationalize activities within their engagement arenas.
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    Blue food demand across geographic and temporal scales
    (2021) Naylor, Rosamond L.; Kishore, Avinash; Sumaila, U. Rashid; Issifu, Ibrahim; Hunter, Blaire P.; Belton, Ben; Bush, Simon R.; Cao, Ling; Gelcich, Stefan; Gephart, Jessica A.; Golden, Christopher D.; Jonell, Malin; Koehn, J. Zachary; Little, David C.; Thilsted, Shakuntala H.; Tigchelaar, Michelle; Crona, Beatrice
    Global demand for "blue food" is growing. In this quantitative synthesis, the authors analyse global seafood demand and project trends to 2050, finding considerable regional variation in the relationship between wealth and consumption.
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    Four ways blue foods can help achieve food system ambitions across nations
    (2023) Crona, Beatrice I.; Wassenius, Emmy; Jonell, Malin; Koehn, J. Zachary; Short, Rebecca; Tigchelaar, Michelle; Daw, Tim M.; Golden, Christopher D.; Gephart, Jessica A.; Allison, Edward H.; Bush, Simon R.; Cao, Ling; Cheung, William W. L.; DeClerck, Fabrice; Fanzo, Jessica; Gelcich, Stefan; Kishore, Avinash; Halpern, Benjamin S.; Hicks, Christina C.; Leape, James P.; Little, David C.; Micheli, Fiorenza; Naylor, Rosamond L.; Phillips, Michael; Selig, Elizabeth R.; Springmann, Marco; Sumaila, U. Rashid; Troell, Max; Thilsted, Shakuntala H.; Wabnitz, Colette C. C.
    Blue foods, sourced in aquatic environments, are important for the economies, livelihoods, nutritional security and cultures of people in many nations. They are often nutrient rich(1), generate lower emissions and impacts on land and water than many terrestrial meats(2), and contribute to the health(3), wellbeing and livelihoods of many rural communities(4). The Blue Food Assessment recently evaluated nutritional, environmental, economic and justice dimensions of blue foods globally. Here we integrate these findings and translate them into four policy objectives to help realize the contributions that blue foods can make to national food systems around the world: ensuring supplies of critical nutrients, providing healthy alternatives to terrestrial meat, reducing dietary environmental footprints and safeguarding blue food contributions to nutrition, just economies and livelihoods under a changing climate. To account for how context-specific environmental, socio-economic and cultural aspects affect this contribution, we assess the relevance of each policy objective for individual countries, and examine associated co-benefits and trade-offs at national and international scales. We find that in many African and South American nations, facilitating consumption of culturally relevant blue food, especially among nutritionally vulnerable population segments, could address vitamin B-12 and omega-3 deficiencies. Meanwhile, in many global North nations, cardiovascular disease rates and large greenhouse gas footprints from ruminant meat intake could be lowered through moderate consumption of seafood with low environmental impact. The analytical framework we provide also identifies countries with high future risk, for whom climate adaptation of blue food systems will be particularly important. Overall the framework helps decision makers to assess the blue food policy objectives most relevant to their geographies, and to compare and contrast the benefits and trade-offs associated with pursuing these objectives.
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    Rights and representation support justice across aquatic food systems
    (2022) Hicks, Christina C.; Gephart, Jessica A.; Koehn, J. Zachary; Nakayama, Shinnosuke; Payne, Hanna J.; Allison, Edward H.; Belhbib, Dyhia; Cao, Ling; Cohen, Philippa J.; Fanzo, Jessica; Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne; Gelcich, Stefan; Golden, Christopher D.; Gorospe, Kelvin D.; Isaacs, Moenieba; Kuempel, Caitlin D.; Lee, Kai N.; MacNeil, M. Aaron; Maire, Eva; Njuki, Jemimah; Rao, Nitya; Sumaila, U. Rashid; Selig, Elizabeth R.; Thilsted, Shakuntala H.; Wabnitz, Colette C. C.; Naylor, Rosamond L.
    Injustices are prevalent in food systems, where the accumulation of vast wealth is possible for a few, yet one in ten people remain hungry. Here, for 194 countries we combine aquatic food production, distribution and consumption data with corresponding national policy documents and, drawing on theories of social justice, explore whether barriers to participation explain unequal distributions of benefits. Using Bayesian models, we find economic and political barriers are associated with lower wealth-based benefits; countries produce and consume less when wealth, formal education and voice and accountability are lacking. In contrast, social barriers are associated with lower welfare-based benefits; aquatic foods are less affordable where gender inequality is greater. Our analyses of policy documents reveal a frequent failure to address political and gender-based barriers. However, policies linked to more just food system outcomes centre principles of human rights, specify inclusive decision-making processes and identify and challenge drivers of injustice.
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    The vital roles of blue foods in the global food system
    (2022) Tigchelaar, Michelle; Leape, Jim; Micheli, Fiorenza; Allison, Edward H.; Basurto, Xavier; Bennett, Abigail; Bush, Simon R.; Cao, Ling; Cheung, William W. L.; Crona, Beatrice; DeClerck, Fabrice; Fanzo, Jessica; Gelcich, Stefan; Gephart, Jessica A.; Golden, Christopher D.; Halpern, Benjamin S.; Hicks, Christina C.; Jonell, Malin; Kishore, Avinash; Koehn, J. Zachary; Little, David C.; Naylor, Rosamond L.; Phillips, Michael J.; Selig, Elizabeth R.; Short, Rebecca E.; Sumaila, U. Rashid; Thilsted, Shakuntala H.; Troell, Max; Wabnitz, Colette C. C.
    Blue foods play a central role in food and nutrition security for billions of people and are a cornerstone of the livelihoods, economies, and cultures of many coastal and riparian communities. Blue foods are extraordinarily diverse, are often rich in essential micronutrients and fatty acids, and can often be produced in ways that are more environmentally sustainable than terrestrial animal-source foods. Capture fisheries constitute the largest wild-food resource for human extraction that would be challenging to replace. Yet, despite their unique value, blue foods have often been left out of food system analyses, policies, and investments. Here, we focus on three imperatives for realizing the potential of blue foods: (1) Bring blue foods into the heart of food system decisionmaking; (2) Protect and develop the potential of blue foods to help end malnutrition; and (3) Support the central role of small-scale actors in fisheries and aquaculture. Recognition of the importance of blue foods for food and nutrition security constitutes a critical justification to preserve the integrity and diversity of aquatic species and ecosystems.
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    Vulnerability of blue foods to human-induced environmental change
    (2023) Cao, Ling; Halpern, Benjamin S.; Troell, Max; Short, Rebecca; Zeng, Cong; Jiang, Ziyu; Liu, Yue; Zou, Chengxuan; Liu, Chunyu; Liu, Shurong; Liu, Xiangwei; Cheung, William W. L.; Cottrell, Richard S.; DeClerck, Fabrice; Gelcich, Stefan; Gephart, Jessica A.; Godo-Solo, Dakoury; Kaull, Jessie Ihilani; Micheli, Fiorenza; Naylor, Rosamond L.; Payne, Hanna J.; Selig, Elizabeth R.; Sumaila, U. Rashid; Tigchelaar, Michelle
    Global aquatic foods are a key source of nutrition, but how their production is influenced by anthropogenic environmental changes is not well known. The vulnerability of global blue food systems to main environmental stressors and the related spatial impacts across blue food nations are now quantified.