Browsing by Author "Gavreliuc, Alin"

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    Culture and the Distinctiveness Motive: Constructing Identity in Individualistic and Collectivistic Contexts
    (AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2012) Becker, Maja; Vignoles, Vivian L.; Owe, Ellinor; Brown, Rupert; Smith, Peter B.; Easterbrook, Matt; Herman, Ginette; de Sauvage, Isabelle; Bourguignon, David; Tones, Ana; Camino, Leoncio; Silveira Lemos, Flavia Cristina; Cristina Ferreira, M.; Koller, Silvia H.; Gonzalez, Roberto; Carrasco, Diego; Paz Cadena, Maria; Lay, Siugmin; Wang, Qian; Bond, Michael Harris; Vargas Trujillo, Elvia; Balanta, Paola; Valk, Aune; Mekonnen, Kassahun Habtamu; Nizharadze, George; Fueloep, Marta; Regalia, Camillo; Manzi, Claudia; Brambilla, Maria; Harb, Charles; Aldhafri, Said; Martin, Mariana; Macapagal, Ma Elizabeth J.; Chybicka, Aneta; Gavreliuc, Alin; Buitendach, Johanna; Schweiger Gallo, Inge; Ozgen, Emre; Guner, Ulku E.; Yamakoglu, Nil
    The motive to attain a distinctive identity is sometimes thought to be stronger in, or even specific to, those socialized into individualistic cultures. Using data from 4,751 participants in 21 cultural groups (18 nations and 3 regions), we tested this prediction against our alternative view that culture would moderate the ways in which people achieve feelings of distinctiveness, rather than influence the strength of their motivation to do so. We measured the distinctiveness motive using an indirect technique to avoid cultural response biases. Analyses showed that the distinctiveness motive was not weaker and, if anything, was stronger-in more collectivistic nations. However, individualism collectivism was found to moderate the ways in which feelings of distinctiveness were constructed: Distinctiveness was associated more closely with difference and separateness in more individualistic cultures and was associated more closely with social position in more collectivistic cultures. Multilevel analysis confirmed that it is the prevailing beliefs and values in an individual's context, rather than the individual's own beliefs and values, that account for these differences.
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    Gender Gap in Parental Leave Intentions: Evidence from 37 Countries
    (2023) Olsson, Maria I. T.; van Grootel, Sanne; Block, Katharina; Schuster, Carolin; Meeussen, Loes; Van Laar, Colette; Schmader, Toni; Croft, Alyssa; Sun, Molly Shuyi; Ainsaar, Mare; Aarntzen, Lianne; Adamus, Magdalena; Anderson, Joel; Atkinson, Ciara; Avicenna, Mohamad; Babel, Przemyslaw; Barth, Markus; Benson-Greenwald, Tessa M.; Maloku, Edona; Berent, Jacques; Bergsieker, Hilary B.; Biernat, Monica; Birneanu, Andreea G.; Bodinaku, Blerta; Bosak, Janine; Bosson, Jennifer; Brankovic, Marija; Burkauskas, Julius; Cavojova, Vladimira; Cheryan, Sapna; Choi, Eunsoo; Choi, Incheol; Contreras-Ibanez, Carlos C.; Coogan, Andrew; Danyliuk, Ivan; Dar-Nimrod, Ilan; Dasgupta, Nilanjana; de Lemus, Soledad; Devos, Thierry; Diab, Marwan; Diekman, Amanda B.; Efremova, Maria; Eisner, Leila; Eller, Anja; Erentaite, Rasa; Fedakova, Denisa; Franc, Renata; Gartzia, Leire; Gavreliuc, Alin; Gavreliuc, Dana; Gecaite-Stonciene, Julija; Germano, Adriana L.; Giovannelli, Ilaria; Diaz, Renzo Gismondi; Gitikhmayeva, Lyudmila; Gizaw, Abiy Menkir; Gjoneska, Biljana; Martinez Gonzalez, Omar; Gonzalez, Roberto; David Grijalva, Isaac; Guengoer, Derya; Senden, Marie Gustafsson; Hall, William; Harb, Charles; Hassan, Bushra; Haessler, Tabea; Hawi, Diala R.; Henningsen, Levke; Hoppe, Annedore; Ishii, Keiko; Jaksic, Ivana; Jasini, Alba; Jurkeviciene, Jurgita; Kelmendi, Kaltrina; Kirby, Teri A.; Kitakaji, Yoko; Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza; Kozytska, Inna; Kulich, Clara; Kundtova-Klocova, Eva; Kunuroglu, Filiz; Aidy, Christina Lapytskaia; Lee, Albert; Lindqvist, Anna; Lopez-Lopez, Wilson; Luzvinda, Liany; Maricchiolo, Fridanna; Martinot, Delphine; McNamara, Rita Anne; Meister, Alyson; Melka, Tizita Lemma; Mickuviene, Narseta; Isabel Miranda-Orrego, Maria; Mkamwa, Thadeus; Morandini, James; Morton, Thomas; Mrisho, David; Nikitin, Jana; Otten, Sabine; Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina; Page-Gould, Elizabeth; Perandres, Ana; Pizarro, Jon; Pop-Jordanova, Nada; Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Joanna; Quta, Sameir; Ramis, TamilSelvan; Rani, Nitya; Redersdorff, Sandrine; Regner, Isabelle; Renstrom, Emma A.; Rivera-Rodriguez, Adrian; Esmeralda Rocha, Sanchez Tania; Ryabichenko, Tatiana; Saab, Rim; Sakata, Kiriko; Samekin, Adil; Sanchez-Pachecho, Tracy; Scheifele, Carolin; Schulmeyer, Marion K.; Sczesny, Sabine; Sirlopu, David; Smith-Castro, Vanessa; Soo, Kadri; Spaccatini, Federica; Steele, Jennifer R.; Steffens, Melanie C.; Sucic, Ines; Vandello, Joseph; Maria Velasquez-Diaz, Laura; Vink, Melissa; Vives, Eva; Warkineh, Turuwark Zalalam; Zezelj, Iris; Zhang, Xiaoxiao; Zhao, Xian; Martiny, Sarah E.
    Despite global commitments and efforts, a gender-based division of paid and unpaid work persists. To identify how psychological factors, national policies, and the broader sociocultural context contribute to this inequality, we assessed parental-leave intentions in young adults (18-30years old) planning to have children (N = 13,942; 8,880 identified as women; 5,062 identified as men) across 37 countries that varied in parental-leave policies and societal gender equality. In all countries, women intended to take longer leave than men. National parental-leave policies and women's political representation partially explained cross-national variations in the gender gap. Gender gaps in leave intentions were paradoxically larger in countries with more gender-egalitarian parental-leave policies (i.e., longer leave available to both fathers and mothers). Interestingly, this cross-national variation in the gender gap was driven by cross-national variations in women's (rather than men's) leave intentions. Financially generous leave and gender-egalitarian policies (linked to men's higher uptake in prior research) were not associated with leave intentions in men. Rather, men's leave intentions were related to their individual gender attitudes. Leave intentions were inversely related to career ambitions. The potential for existing policies to foster gender equality in paid and unpaid work is discussed.
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    Gendered Self-Views Across 62 Countries: A Test of Competing Models
    (2023) Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza; Bosson, Jennifer K.; Jurek, Pawel; Besta, Tomasz; Olech, Michal; Vandello, Joseph A.; Bender, Michael; Dandy, Justine; Hoorens, Vera; Jasinskaja-Lahti, Inga; Mankowski, Eric; Venalainen, Satu; Abuhamdeh, Sami; Agyemang, Collins Badu; Akbas, Gulcin; Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan; Ammirati, Soline; Anderson, Joel; Anjum, Gulnaz; Ariyanto, Amarina; Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R.; Ashraf, Mujeeba; Bakaityte, Aiste; Becker, Maja; Bertolli, Chiara; Berxulli, Dashamir; Best, Deborah L.; Bi, Chongzeng; Block, Katharina; Boehnke, Mandy; Bongiorno, Renata; Bosak, Janine; Casini, Annalisa; Chen, Qingwei; Chi, Peilian; Adoric, Vera Cubela; Daalmans, Serena; de Lemus, Soledad; Dhakal, Sandesh; Dvorianchikov, Nikolay; Egami, Sonoko; Etchezahar, Edgardo; Esteves, Carla Sofia; Froehlich, Laura; Garcia-Sanchez, Efrain; Gavreliuc, Alin; Gavreliuc, Dana; Gomez, Angel; Guizzo, Francesca; Graf, Sylvie; Greijdanus, Hedy; Grigoryan, Ani; Grzymala-Moszczynska, Joanna; Guerch, Keltouma; Senden, Marie Gustafsson; Hale, Miriam-Linnea; Hamer, Hannah; Hirai, Mika; Duc, Lam Hoang; Hrebickova, Martina; Hutchings, Paul B.; Jensen, Dorthe Hoj; Karabati, Serdar; Kelmendi, Kaltrina; Kengyel, Gabriella; Khachatryan, Narine; Ghazzawi, Rawan; Kinahan, Mary; Kirby, Teri A.; Kovacs, Monika; Kozlowski, Desiree; Krivoshchekov, Vladislav; Krys, Kuba; Kulich, Clara; Kurosawa, Tai; Nhan Thi Lac An; Labarthe-Carrara, Javier; Lauri, Mary Anne; Latu, Ioana; Lawal, Abiodun Musbau; Li, Junyi; Lindner, Jana; Lindqvist, Anna; Maitner, Angela T.; Makarova, Elena; Makashvili, Ana; Malayeri, Shera; Malik, Sadia; Mancini, Tiziana; Manzi, Claudia; Mari, Silvia; Martiny, Sarah E.; Mayer, Claude-Helene; Mihic, Vladimir; Dordevic, Jasna Milosevic; Moreno-Bella, Eva; Moscatelli, Silvia; Moynihan, Andrew Bryan; Muller, Dominique; Narhetali, Erita; Neto, Felix; Noels, Kimberly A.; Nyul, Boglarka; O'Connor, Emma C.; Ochoa, Danielle P.; Ohno, Sachiko; Adebayo, Sulaiman Olanrewaju; Osborne, Randall; Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina; Palacio, Jorge; Patnaik, Snigdha; Pavlopoulos, Vassilis; de Leon, Pablo Perez; Piterova, Ivana; Porto, Juliana Barreiros; Puzio, Angelica; Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Joanna; Perez, Erico Renteria; Renstrom, Emma; Rousseaux, Tiphaine; Ryan, Michelle K.; Safdar, Saba; Sainz, Mario; Salvati, Marco; Samekin, Adil; Schindler, Simon; Sevincer, A. Timur; Seydi, Masoumeh; Shepherd, Debra; Sherbaji, Sara; Schmader, Toni; Simao, Claudia; Sobhie, Rosita; Sobiecki, Jurand; De Souza, Lucille; Sarter, Emma; Sulejmanovic, Dijana; Sullivan, Katie E.; Tatsumi, Mariko; Tavitian-Elmadjian, Lucy; Thakur, Suparna Jain; Quang Thi Mong Chi; Torre, Beatriz; Torres, Ana; Torres, Claudio, V; Turkoglu, Beril; Ungaretti, Joaquin; Valshtein, Timothy; Van Laar, Colette; van der Noll, Jolanda; Vasiutynskyi, Vadym; Vauclair, Christin-Melanie; Vohra, Neharika; Walentynowicz, Marta; Ward, Colleen; Wlodarczyk, Anna; Yang, Yaping; Yzerbyt, Vincent; Zanello, Valeska; Zapata-Calvente, Antonella Ludmila; Zawisza, Magdalena; Zukauskiene, Rita; Zadkowska, Magdalena
    Social role theory posits that binary gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in less egalitarian countries, reflecting these countries' more pronounced sex-based power divisions. Conversely, evolutionary and self-construal theorists suggest that gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in more egalitarian countries, reflecting the greater autonomy support and flexible self-construction processes present in these countries. Using data from 62 countries (N = 28,640), we examine binary gender gaps in agentic and communal self-views as a function of country-level objective gender equality (the Global Gender Gap Index) and subjective distributions of social power (the Power Distance Index). Findings show that in more egalitarian countries, gender gaps in agency are smaller and gender gaps in communality are larger. These patterns are driven primarily by cross-country differences in men's self-views and by the Power Distance Index (PDI) more robustly than the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI). We consider possible causes and implications of these findings.
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    Is an Emphasis on Dignity, Honor and Face more an Attribute of Individuals or of Cultural Groups?
    (SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2020) Smith, Peter B.; Easterbrook, Matthew J.; Koc, Yasin; Lun, Vivian Miu Chi; Papastylianou, Dona; Grigoryan, Lusine; Torres, Claudio; Efremova, Maria; Hassan, Bushra; Abbas, Ammar; Ahmad, Abd Halim; al Bayati, Ahmed; Selim, Heyla A.; Anderson, Joel; Cross, Susan E.; Delfino, Gisela Isabel; Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer; Gavreliuc, Alin; Gavreliuc, Dana; Gul, Pelin; Gunsoy, Ceren; Hakobjanyan, Anna; Lay, Siugmin; Lopukhova, Olga; Hu, Ping; Sunar, Diane; Texeira, Maria Luisa Mendes; Tripodi, Doriana; Diaz Rivera, Paola Eunice; van Osch, Yvette; Yuki, Masaki; Ogusu, Natsuki; Kwantes, Catherine T.; Diaz Loving, Rolando; Perez Floriano, Lorena; Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin; Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit
    This study compares the individual-level and sample-level predictive utility of a measure of the cultural logics of dignity, honor, and face. University students in 29 samples from 24 nations used a simple measure to rate their perceptions of the interpersonal cultural logic characterizing their local culture. The nomological net of these measures was then explored. Key dependent measures included three different facets of independent versus interdependent self-construal, relevant attitudes and values, reported handling of actual interpersonal conflicts, and responses to normative settings. Multilevel analyses revealed both individual- and sample-level effects but the dignity measure showed more individual-level effects, whereas sample-level effects were relatively more important with the face measure. The implications of this contrast are discussed.
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    Populism, Economic Distress, Cultural Backlash, and Identity Threat: Integrating Patterns and Testing Cross-National Validity
    (2024) Manunta, Efisio; Becker, Maja; Vignoles, Vivian L.; Bertin, Paul; Crapolicchio, Eleonora; Contreras, Camila; Gavreliuc, Alin; Gonzalez, Roberto; Manzi, Claudia; Salanova, Thomas; Easterbrook, Matthew J.
    Populism is on the rise across liberal democracies. The sociopsychological underpinnings of this increasing endorsement of populist ideology should be uncovered. In an online cross-sectional survey study among adult samples from five countries (Chile, France, Italy, Romania, and the United Kingdom; N = 9,105), we aimed to replicate an economic distress pattern in which relative deprivation and identity threat are associated with populism. We further tested a cultural backlash pattern-including perceived anomie, collective narcissism, and identity threat as predictors of populism. Multigroup structural equation models supported both economic distress and cultural backlash paths as predictors of populist thin ideology endorsement. In both paths, identity threat to belonging played a significant role as partial mediator. Furthermore, an integrative model showed that the two patterns were not mutually exclusive. These findings emphasize the implication of identity threat to belonging as an explanatory mediator and demonstrate the cross-national generalizability of these patterns.
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    The motive for distinctiveness in cultural context: Results from a 19-nation study
    (2010) Becker, Maja; Vignoles, Vivian L.; Owe, Ellinor; Brown, Rupert; Smith, Peter B.; Easterbrook, Matthew; Özgen, Emre; Güner, Ülkü E.; Yamakoğlu, Nil; Schweiger Gallo, Inge; Buitendach, Johanna; Gavreliuc, Alin; Chybicka, Aneta; Macapagal, Ma. Elizabeth J.; Aldhafri, Said; Martin, Mariana; González, Roberto; Carrasco Ogaz, Diego Alonso; Cadena Cruz, María Paz; Lay Martínez, Siugmin Paz
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    The Social Cure Properties of Groups Across Cultures: Groups Provide More Support but Have Stronger Norms and Are Less Curative in Relationally Immobile Societies
    (SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2024) Easterbrook, Matthew J.; Grigoryan, Lusine; Smith, Peter B.; Koc, Yasin; Lun, Vivian Miu Chi; Papastylianou, Dona; Torres, Claudio; Efremova, Maria; Hassan, Bushra; Abbas, Ammar; al-Selim, Heyla; Anderson, Joel; Cross, Susan E.; Delfino, Gisela Isabel; Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer; Gavreliuc, Alin; Gavreliuc, Dana; Gul, Pelin; Gunsoy, Ceren; Hakobjanyan, Anna; Lay, Siugmin; Lopukhova, Olga; Hu, Ping; Sunar, Diane; Mendes Texeira, Maria Luisa; Tripodi, Doriana; Rivera, Paola Eunice Diaz; Yuki, Masaki; Ogusu, Natsuki; Kwantes, Catherine T.; Diaz-Loving, Rolando; Perez Floriano, Lorena; Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin; Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit
    We investigate whether the social cure properties of groups vary across cultures, testing hypotheses that the associations between multiple group memberships (MGM) and depressive symptoms will (a) be mediated by social support and uncomfortable normative pressures, and (b) vary systematically with sample-level relational mobility. Analyses of data from a survey (N = 5,174) conducted within k = 29 samples show that MGM is negatively associated with depressive symptoms, an association fully mediated by social support and uncomfortable normative pressures. In line with our theorizing, in samples with higher levels of relational mobility constraints, the association between MGM and depressive symptoms is weaker, the associations between MGM and social support and between MGM and normative pressures are stronger, and the association between social support and depressive symptoms weaker. The indirect link between MGM and depressive symptoms via social support is significant at both low and high levels of relational mobility constraints.