Browsing by Author "Franceschi, Silvia"

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    High-risk HPV infection after five years in a population-based cohort of Chilean women
    (2011) Ferreccio Readi, Catterina; Van De Wyngard, Vanessa; Domínguez, M. A.; Puschel Illanes, Klaus; Corvalán R., Alejandro; Olcay, Fabiola; Franceschi, Silvia; Snijders, Peter J.; Ferreccio Readi, Catterina; Van De Wyngard, Vanessa; Domínguez, M. A.; Puschel Illanes, Klaus; Corvalán R., Alejandro; Olcay, Fabiola; Franceschi, Silvia; Snijders, Peter J.
    Abstract Background The need to review cervical cancer prevention strategies has been triggered by the availability of new prevention tools linked to human papillomavirus (HPV): vaccines and screening tests. To consider these innovations, information on HPV type distribution and natural history is necessary. This is a five-year follow-up study of gynecological high-risk (HR) HPV infection among a Chilean population-based cohort of women. Findings A population-based random sample of 969 women from Santiago, Chile aged 17 years or older was enrolled in 2001 and revisited in 2006. At both visits they answered a survey on demographics and sexual history and provided a cervical sample for HPV DNA detection (GP5+/6+ primer-mediated PCR and Reverse line blot genotyping). Follow-up was completed by 576 (59.4%) women; 45 (4.6%) refused participation; most losses to follow-up were women who were unreachable, no longer eligible or had missing samples. HR-HPV prevalence increased by 43%. Incidence was highest in women < 20 years of age (19.4%) and lowest in women > 70 (0%); it was three times higher among women HR-HPV positive versus HPV negative at baseline (25.5% and 8.3%; OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.8-8.0). Type-specific persistence was 35.3%; it increased with age, from 0% in women < 30 years of age to 100% in women > 70. An enrollment Pap result ASCUS or worse was the only risk factor for being HR-HPV positive at both visits. Conclusions HR-HPV prevalence increased in the study population. All HR-HPV infections in women < 30 years old cleared, supporting the current recommendation of HR-HPV screening for women > 30 years.
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    Reproductive factors, oral contraceptive use, and human papillomavirus infection: Pooled analysis of the IARC HPV prevalence surveys
    (AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2006) Vaccarella, Salvatore; Herrero, Rolando; Dai, Min; Snijders, Peter J. F.; Meijer, Chris J. L. M.; Thomas, Jaiye O.; Hoang Anh, Pham Thi; Ferreccio, Catterina; Matos, Elena; Posso, Hector; de Sanjose, Silvia; Shin, Hai Rim; Sukvirach, Sukhon; Lazcano Ponce, Eduardo; Ronco, Guglielmo; Rajkumar, Raj; Qiao, You Lin; Munoz, Nubia; Franceschi, Silvia; IARC HPV Prevalence Surveyst
    High parity, early age at first full-term pregnancy (FTP), and long-term oral contraceptive (OC) use increase cervical cancer risk, but it is unclear whether these variables are also associated with increased risk of acquisition and persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, the main cause of cervical cancer. Information on reproductive and menstrual characteristics and OC use were collected from 14 areas worldwide, among population-based, age-stratified random samples of women aged 15 years or older. HPV testing was done using PCR-based enzyme immunoassay. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) of being HPV-positive according to reproductive and menstrual factors and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). When more than two groups were compared, floating CIs (FCI) were estimated. A total of 15,145 women (mean age, 40.9 years) were analyzed. Women with >= 5 FTPs (OR, 0.90; 95% FCI, 0.76-1.06) showed a similar risk of being HPV-positive compared with women with only one FTP (OR, 1.00; 95% FCI, 0.86-1.16). However, nulliparous women showed an OR of 1.40 (95% CI, 1.16-1.69) compared with parous women. Early age at first FTP was not significantly related to HPV positivity. HPV positivity was similar for women who reported >= 10 years of use of OCs (OR, 1.16; 95% FCI, 0.85-1.58) and never users of OCs (OR, 1.00; 95% FCI, 0.90-1.12). Our study suggests, therefore, that high parity, early age at first FTP, and long-term OC use are not associated with HPV prevalence, but rather these factors might be involved in the transition from HPV infection to neoplastic cervical lesions.
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    Serological prevalence and persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus infection among women in Santiago, Chile
    (2014) Castro, Felipe A.; Dominguez, Angélica; Puschel Illanes, Klaus; Van De Wyngard, Vanessa; Snijders, Peter J.; Franceschi, Silvia; Pawlita, Michael; Ferreccio Readi, Catterina; Castro, Felipe A.; Dominguez, Angélica; Puschel Illanes, Klaus; Van De Wyngard, Vanessa; Snijders, Peter J.; Franceschi, Silvia; Pawlita, Michael; Ferreccio Readi, Catterina
    Abstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) serology is a main factor for designing vaccination programs and surveillance strategies; nevertheless, there are few reports of HPV seroprevalence in the general population, especially in Latin America. This study aimed to describe high-risk HPV serological prevalence, persistence, and association with concurrent cervical infection, in Chilean women. Methods 1021 women from the general population, aged 15–85 years, were studied in 2001 of whom 600 were reexamined in 2006. The assessments at both time points included cervical HPV DNA testing, HPV antibody testing, cervical cytology and a sociodemographic/behavioral questionnaire. HPV DNA and antibodies against L1 protein of types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, and 58 were assessed by reverse line blot and multiplex serology, respectively. Results Seropositivity was high at both baseline (43.2%) and follow-up (50.2%) and increased with age (p < 0.001); corresponding DNA prevalences were 6.7% and 8.7%. DNA and seroprevalence were associated at baseline (p = 0.01 for any HPV). Early age at first sexual intercourse and having had two or more sexual partners were independently associated with seropositivity. Most (82.0%) initially seropositive women remained seropositive at follow-up; 21.6% of initially seronegative women seroconverted, reaching 17.5% among women older than 60 years of age. ASCUS or worse cytology was correlated with HPV DNA positivity but not with HPV seropositivity. Conclusion HPV seroprevalence studies are a useful tool for learning about the dynamics of HPV infection in a community. This study contributes to understanding the natural history of HPV infection and provides a baseline assessment before the incorporation of HPV vaccination into a national program.
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    Smoking and human papillomavirus infection: pooled analysis of the International Agency for Research on Cancer HPV Prevalence Surveys
    (OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2008) Vaccarella, Salvatore; Herrero, Rolando; Snijders, Peter J. F.; Dai, Min; Thomas, Jaiye O.; Hieu, Nguyen Trong; Ferreccio, Catterina; Matos, Elena; Posso, Hector; de Sanjose, Silvia; Shin, Hai Rim; Sukvirach, Sukhon; Lazcano Ponce, Eduardo; Munoz, Nubia; Meijer, Chris J. L. M.; Franceschi, Silvia; IHPS Study Grp
    Background Smoking increases the risk of squamous-cell carcinoma of the cervix, but it is not clear whether smoking increases the risk of acquisition or persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
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    Variations in the age-specific curves of human papillomavirus prevalence in women worldwide
    (WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2006) Franceschi, Silvia; Herrero, Rolando; Clifford, Gary M.; Snijders, Peter J. F.; Arslan, Annie; Anh, Pham Thi Hoang; Bosch, F. Xavier; Ferreccio, Catterina; Hieu, Nguyen Trong; Lazcano Ponce, Eduardo; Matos, Elena; Molano, Monica; Qiao, You Lin; Rajkumar, Raj; Ronco, Guglielmo; de Sanjose, Silvia; Shin, Hai Rim; Sukvirach, Sukhon; Thomas, Jaiye O.; Meijer, Chris J. L. M.; Munoz, Nubia; ISRC Prevalence Surveys Study Grp
    An inverse relationship between age and human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence has been reported in many developed countries, but information on this relationship is scarce in many other parts of the world. We carried out a cross-sectional study of sexually active women from the general population of 15 areas in 4 continents. Similar standardised protocols for women's enrolment, cervical specimen collection and PCR-based assays for HPV testing were used. HPV prevalence in different age groups was compared by study area. 18,498 women aged 15-74 years were included. Age-standardised HPV prevalence varied more than 10-fold between populations, as did the shape of age-specific curves. HPV prevalence peaked below age 25 or 35, and declined with age in Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Argentina, Korea and in Lampang, Thailand and Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam. This was not the case in Songkla, Thailand nor Hanoi, Vietnam, where HPV prevalence was low in all age groups. In Chile, Colombia and Mexico, a second peak of HPV prevalence was detected among older women. In the poorest study areas in Asia (Shanxi, China and Dindigul, India), and in Nigeria, HPV prevalence was high across all age groups. The substantial differences observed in age-specific curves of HPV prevalence between populations may have a variety of explanations. These differences, however, underline that great caution should be used in inferring the natural history of HPV from age-specific prevalences. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.