Browsing by Author "ESPINOZA, R"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    HEMODYNAMIC-CHANGES IN UNDERWEIGHT PREGNANT-WOMEN
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 1992) ROSSO, P; DONOSO, E; BRAUN, S; ESPINOZA, R; SALAS, SP
    Twelve normal-weight and 12 underweight women were compared to test whether fetal growth retardation in underweight gravidas is related to inadequate maternal hemodynamic adjustments. Plasma volume (+/- standard error) was 3227 +/- 103 mL in normal-weight and 2731 +/- 84 mL in underweight women (P < .002). Cardiac output was 6340 +/- 167 mL/minute in controls and 5689 +/- 213 mL/minute in underweight women (P < .03). Total peripheral vascular resistance was lower in controls than in underweight subjects (1025 +/- 31 versus 1198 +/- 58 dyne/second/cm5). Mean birth weight was 2837 +/- 125 g in underweight women and 3362 +/- 106 g in controls (P < .005). Similarly, placental weight was reduced in the underweight group. All infants delivered by control mothers had a normal birth weight, whereas six infants from underweight gravidas were growth-retarded. In all cases combined, maternal plasma volume correlated significantly with both birth weight (r = 0.6, P < .002) and placental weight (r = 0.56, P < .01); total peripheral vascular resistance also correlated significantly and inversely with newborn weight and placental weight. Cardiac output correlated only with placental weight (r = 0.54, P < .02). These results are consistent with the hypothesis that underweight mothers are at higher risk of fetal growth retardation because of a smaller plasma volume and lower cardiac output.
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    MATERNAL HEMODYNAMIC ADJUSTMENTS IN IDIOPATHIC FETAL GROWTH-RETARDATION
    (KARGER, 1993) ROSSO, P; DONOSO, E; BRAUN, S; ESPINOZA, R; FERNANDEZ, C; SALAS, SP
    The hemodynamic characteristics of 11 normotensive gravidas with idiopathic fetal growth retardation (FGR), were compared with 11 controls of similar age, parity and body size. At weeks 36-38 of gestation, plasma volume was 3,161 +/- 121 ml in controls and 2,624 +/- 95 ml in the FGR group (p < 0.003); cardiac output (CO) was 6,191 +/- 132 ml/min in controls and 5,483 +/- 186 ml/min in the FGR group (p < 0.01). Total peripheral vascular resistance (TPVR) was lower in controls than in FGR (1,031 +/- 33 vs. 1,306 +/- 62 dyn/s/cm5; p < 0.001). Birth weight was correlated with both plasma volume (r = 0.61; p < 0.01) and CO (r = 0.53; p < 0.02) and inversely correlated with TPVR (r = -0.69; p < 0.001). These results are in line with the hypothesis that a reduced plasma volume leads to a lower CO and, secondarily, to reduced uterine blood flow and FGR.
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    MATERNAL PLASMA-VOLUME EXPANSION AND HORMONAL CHANGES IN WOMEN WITH IDIOPATHIC FETAL GROWTH-RETARDATION
    (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 1993) SALAS, SP; ROSSO, P; ESPINOZA, R; ROBERT, JA; VALDES, G; DONOSO, E
    Objective: To explore the mechanisms underlying the reduced maternal plasma volume associated with idiopathic fetal growth retardation (FGR).