Browsing by Author "De Lee, Nathan"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    Final Targeting Strategy for the SDSS-IV APOGEE-2S Survey
    (2021) Santana, Felipe A.; Beaton, Rachael L.; Covey, Kevin R.; O'Connell, Julia E.; Longa-Pena, Penelope; Cohen, Roger; Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G.; Hayes, Christian R.; Zasowski, Gail; Sobeck, Jennifer S.; Majewski, Steven R.; Chojnowski, S. D.; De Lee, Nathan; Oelkers, Ryan J.; Stringfellow, Guy S.; Almeida, Andres; Anguiano, Borja; Donor, John; Frinchaboy, Peter M.; Hasselquist, Sten; Johnson, Jennifer A.; Kollmeier, Juna A.; Nidever, David L.; Price-Whelan, Adrian M.; Rojas-Arriagada, Alvaro; Schultheis, Mathias; Shetrone, Matthew; Simon, Joshua D.; Aerts, Conny; Borissova, Jura; Drout, Maria R.; Geisler, Doug; Law, C. Y.; Medina, Nicolas; Minniti, Dante; Monachesi, Antonela; Munoz, Ricardo R.; Poleski, Radoslaw; Roman-Lopes, Alexandre; Schlaufman, Kevin C.; Stutz, Amelia M.; Teske, Johanna; Tkachenko, Andrew; Van Saders, Jennifer L.; Weinberger, Alycia J.; Zoccali, Manuela
    APOGEE is a high-resolution (R similar to 22,000), near-infrared, multi-epoch, spectroscopic survey of the Milky Way. The second generation of the APOGEE project, APOGEE-2, includes an expansion of the survey to the Southern Hemisphere called APOGEE-2S. This expansion enabled APOGEE to perform a fully panoramic mapping of all of the main regions of the Milky Way; in particular, by operating in the H band, APOGEE is uniquely able to probe the dust-hidden inner regions of the Milky Way that are best accessed from the Southern Hemisphere. In this paper we present the targeting strategy of APOGEE-2S, with special attention to documenting modifications to the original, previously published plan. The motivation for these changes is explained as well as an assessment of their effectiveness in achieving their intended scientific objective. In anticipation of this being the last paper detailing APOGEE targeting, we present an accounting of all such information complete through the end of the APOGEE-2S project; this includes several main survey programs dedicated to exploration of major stellar populations and regions of the Milky Way, as well as a full list of programs contributing to the APOGEE database through allocations of observing time by the Chilean National Time Allocation Committee and the Carnegie Institution for Science. This work was presented along with a companion article, Beaton et al. (2021), presenting the final target selection strategy adopted for APOGEE-2 in the Northern Hemisphere.
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    Final Targeting Strategy for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 North Survey
    (2021) Beaton, Rachael L.; Oelkers, Ryan J.; Hayes, Christian R.; Covey, Kevin R.; Chojnowski, S. D.; De Lee, Nathan; Sobeck, Jennifer S.; Majewski, Steven R.; Cohen, Roger E.; Fernandez-Trincado, Jose; Longa-Pena, Penelope; O'Connell, Julia E.; Santana, Felipe A.; Stringfellow, Guy S.; Zasowski, Gail; Aerts, Conny; Anguiano, Borja; Bender, Chad; Canas, Caleb I.; Cunha, Katia; Donor, John; Fleming, Scott W.; Frinchaboy, Peter M.; Feuillet, Diane; Harding, Paul; Hasselquist, Sten; Holtzman, Jon A.; Johnson, Jennifer A.; Kollmeier, Juna A.; Kounkel, Marina; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Price-Whelan, Adrian. M.; Rojas-Arriagada, Alvaro; Roman-Zuniga, Carlos; Schlafly, Edward F.; Schultheis, Mathias; Shetrone, Matthew; Simon, Joshua D.; Stassun, Keivan G.; Stutz, Amelia M.; Tayar, Jamie; Teske, Johanna; Tkachenko, Andrew; Troup, Nicholas; Albareti, Franco D.; Bizyaev, Dmitry; Bovy, Jo; Burgasser, Adam J.; Comparat, Johan; Downes, Juan Jose; Geisler, Doug; Inno, Laura; Manchado, Arturo; Ness, Melissa K.; Pinsonneault, Marc H.; Prada, Francisco; Roman-Lopes, Alexandre; Simonian, Gregory V. A.; Smith, Verne V.; Yan, Renbin; Zamora, Olga
    The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) is a dual-hemisphere, near-infrared (NIR), spectroscopic survey with the goal of producing a chemodynamical mapping of the Milky Way. The targeting for APOGEE-2 is complex and has evolved with time. In this paper, we present the updates and additions to the initial targeting strategy for APOGEE-2N presented in Zasowski et al. (2017). These modifications come in two implementation modes: (i) "Ancillary Science Programs" competitively awarded to Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV PIs through proposal calls in 2015 and 2017 for the pursuit of new scientific avenues outside the main survey, and (ii) an effective 1.5 yr expansion of the survey, known as the Bright Time Extension (BTX), made possible through accrued efficiency gains over the first years of the APOGEE-2N project. For the 23 distinct ancillary programs, we provide descriptions of the scientific aims, target selection, and how to identify these targets within the APOGEE-2 sample. The BTX permitted changes to the main survey strategy, the inclusion of new programs in response to scientific discoveries or to exploit major new data sets not available at the outset of the survey design, and expansions of existing programs to enhance their scientific success and reach. After describing the motivations, implementation, and assessment of these programs, we also leave a summary of lessons learned from nearly a decade of APOGEE-1 and APOGEE-2 survey operations. A companion paper, F. Santana et al. (submitted; AAS29036), provides a complementary presentation of targeting modifications relevant to APOGEE-2 operations in the Southern Hemisphere.
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    Forty-four new and known M-dwarf multiples in the SDSS-III/APOGEE M-dwarf ancillary science sample
    (2018) Skinner, Jacob; Covey, Kevin R.; Bender, Chad F.; Rivera, Noah; De Lee, Nathan; Souto, Diogo; Chojnowski, Drew; Troup, Nicholas; Badenes, Carles; Minniti, D.; Bizyaev, Dmitry; Blake, Cullen H.
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    NGC 6304: a metal rich cluster with RR Lyrae?
    (2006) De Lee, Nathan; Catelan, Márcio; Layden, Andy; Pritzl, Barton; Smith, Horace; Sweigart, Allen; Welch, D. L.
    We have carried out a new search for variable stars in the metal-rich bulge globular cluster NGC 6304 ([Fe/H] = -0.59) using CCD observations obtained at CTIO. We used two data sets: one was taken on the 0.9m in May and June of 1996, and the second was taken on the 1m Yalo telescope in February and March of 2002. We have identified and obtained BVI light curves for 11 RR Lyrae stars, including 6 RRab and 5 RRc stars within the tidal radius of the cluster, and partial light curves for several long-period variables. Most of the RR Lyrae stars had been previously discovered, although not always recognized to be RR Lyrae type variables. We are able to exclude several RR Lyrae stars as probable field stars. In light of the large number of long-period RRab stars recently discovered within the metal-rich globular clusters NGC 6388 and NGC 6441, it is noteworthy that two of the possible RRab have periods greater than 0.8 days. The nature of these long-period RR Lyrae and the question of their membership will be discussed....
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    Physical parameters for RR Lyrae stars in the sdss filter system
    (2013) Catelan, Márcio; Torrealba, Gabriel I.; Cáceres, Claudio; Smith, Horace A.; De Lee, Nathan; Fitzgerald, Michael
    We present a calibration of the metallicity and physical parameters (temperature, luminosity, gravity, mass, radius) for RR Lyrae stars using the ugriz sdss photometric system. Our work is based on calculations of synthetic horizontal branches (HBs), fully taking into account evolutionary effects for a wide range in metallicities and HB morphologies. We provide analytical fits that are able to provide all quantities mentioned with very high (internal) precision, based solely on mean sdss magnitudes and colors....
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    RR Lyrae in the LMC: Insights Into the Oosterhoff Phenomenon
    (2013) Kuehn, Charles A; Smith, Horace A.; Catelan, Marcio; Jeon, Young-Beom; Nemec, James M.; Walker, Alistair R.; Kunder, Andrea; Dame, Kyra; Pritzl, Barton J.; De Lee, Nathan; Borissova, Jura
    Although more than eight decades have passed since P. Th. Oosterhoff drew attention to differences in the properties of RR Lyrae variables in globular clusters, the origin and significance of the Oosterhoff groups remain unclear. Nonetheless, the accumulation of extensive new observations of RR Lyrae stars in globular clusters of the Milky Way and Local Group galaxies allows a fresh look at the phenomenon. Insights come not only from surveys of variables within the original Oosterhoff groups I and II but also from recent observations of the Oosterhoff-intermediate systems found especially in smaller Local Group galaxies. We will compare properties of RR Lyrae in several systems to investigate what they reveal about system-to-system differences of transition temperature between fundamental-mode and first overtone pulsators and of horizontal branch luminosity. Both transition temperature and horizontal branch luminosity have at various times been credited as playing roles in the creation of the Oosterhoff dichotomy....
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    The Eighteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: Targeting and First Spectra from SDSS-V
    (2023) Almeida, Andres; Anderson, Scott F.; Argudo-Fernandez, Maria; Badenes, Carles; Barger, Kat; Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K.; Bender, Chad F.; Benitez, Erika; Besser, Felipe; Bird, Jonathan C.; Bizyaev, Dmitry; Blanton, Michael R.; Bochanski, John; Bovy, Jo; Brandt, William Nielsen; Brownstein, Joel R.; Buchner, Johannes; Bulbul, Esra; Burchett, Joseph N.; Diaz, Mariana Cano; Carlberg, Joleen K.; Casey, Andrew R.; Chandra, Vedant; Cherinka, Brian; Chiappini, Cristina; Coker, Abigail A.; Comparat, Johan; Conroy, Charlie; Contardo, Gabriella; Cortes, Arlin; Covey, Kevin; Crane, Jeffrey D.; Cunha, Katia; Dabbieri, Collin; Davidson, James W.; Davis, Megan C.; de Andrade Queiroz, Anna Barbara; De Lee, Nathan; Mendez Delgado, Jose Eduardo; Demasi, Sebastian; Di Mille, Francesco; Donor, John; Dow, Peter; Dwelly, Tom; Eracleous, Mike; Eriksen, Jamey; Fan, Xiaohui; Farr, Emily; Frederick, Sara; Fries, Logan; Frinchaboy, Peter; Gaensicke, Boris T.; Ge, Junqiang; Gonzalez Avila, Consuelo; Grabowski, Katie; Grier, Catherine; Guiglion, Guillaume; Gupta, Pramod; Hall, Patrick; Hawkins, Keith; Hayes, Christian R.; Hermes, J. J.; Hernandez-Garcia, Lorena; Hogg, David W.; Holtzman, Jon A.; Ibarra-Medel, Hector Javier; Ji, Alexander; Jofre, Paula; Johnson, Jennifer A.; Jones, Amy M.; Kinemuchi, Karen; Kluge, Matthias; Koekemoer, Anton; Kollmeier, Juna A.; Kounkel, Marina; Krishnarao, Dhanesh; Krumpe, Mirko; Lacerna, Ivan; Lago, Paulo Jakson Assuncao; Laporte, Chervin; Liu, Chao; Liu, Ang; Liu, Xin; Lopes, Alexandre Roman; Macktoobian, Matin; Majewski, Steven R.; Malanushenko, Viktor; Maoz, Dan; Masseron, Thomas; Masters, Karen L.; Matijevic, Gal; McBride, Aidan; Medan, Ilija; Merloni, Andrea; Morrison, Sean; Myers, Natalie; Meszaros, Szabolcs; Negrete, C. Alenka; Nidever, David L.; Nitschelm, Christian; Oravetz, Daniel; Oravetz, Audrey; Pan, Kaike; Peng, Yingjie; Pinsonneault, Marc H.; Pogge, Rick; Qiu, Dan; Ramirez, Solange V.; Rix, Hans-Walter; Rosso, Daniela Fernandez; Runnoe, Jessie; Salvato, Mara; Sanchez, Sebastian F.; Santana, Felipe A.; Saydjari, Andrew; Sayres, Conor; Schlaufman, Kevin C.; Schneider, Donald P.; Schwope, Axel; Serna, Javier; Shen, Yue; Sobeck, Jennifer; Song, Ying-Yi; Souto, Diogo; Spoo, Taylor; Stassun, Keivan G.; Steinmetz, Matthias; Straumit, Ilya; Stringfellow, Guy; Sanchez-Gallego, Jose; Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr; Tayar, Jamie; Thakar, Ani; Tissera, Patricia B.; Tkachenko, Andrew; Toledo, Hector Hernandez; Trakhtenbrot, Benny; Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G.; Troup, Nicholas; Trump, Jonathan R.; Tuttle, Sarah; Ulloa, Natalie; Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio; Alfaro, Pablo Vera; Villanova, Sandro; Wachter, Stefanie; Weijmans, Anne-Marie; Wheeler, Adam; Wilson, John; Wojno, Leigh; Wolf, Julien; Xue, Xiang-Xiang; Ybarra, Jason E.; Zari, Eleonora; Zasowski, Gail
    The eighteenth data release (DR18) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) is the first one for SDSS-V, the fifth generation of the survey. SDSS-V comprises three primary scientific programs or "Mappers": the Milky Way Mapper (MWM), the Black Hole Mapper (BHM), and the Local Volume Mapper. This data release contains extensive targeting information for the two multiobject spectroscopy programs (MWM and BHM), including input catalogs and selection functions for their numerous scientific objectives. We describe the production of the targeting databases and their calibration and scientifically focused components. DR18 also includes & SIM;25,000 new SDSS spectra and supplemental information for X-ray sources identified by eROSITA in its eFEDS field. We present updates to some of the SDSS software pipelines and preview changes anticipated for DR19. We also describe three value-added catalogs (VACs) based on SDSS-IV data that have been published since DR17, and one VAC based on the SDSS-V data in the eFEDS field.
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    The Seventeenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: Complete Release of MaNGA, MaStar, and APOGEE-2 Data
    (2022) Abdurro'uf; Accetta, Katherine; Aerts, Conny; Aguirre, Victor Silva; Ahumada, Romina; Ajgaonkar, Nikhil; Ak, N. Filiz; Alam, Shadab; Prieto, Carlos Allende; Almeida, Andres; Anders, Friedrich; Anderson, Scott F.; Andrews, Brett H.; Anguiano, Borja; Aquino-Ortiz, Erik; Aragon-Salamanca, Alfonso; Argudo-Fernandez, Maria; Ata, Metin; Aubert, Marie; Avila-Reese, Vladimir; Badenes, Carles; Barba, Rodolfo H.; Barger, Kat; Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K.; Beaton, Rachael L.; Beers, Timothy C.; Belfiore, Francesco; Bender, Chad F.; Bernardi, Mariangela; Bershady, Matthew A.; Beutler, Florian; Bidin, Christian Moni; Bird, Jonathan C.; Bizyaev, Dmitry; Blanc, Guillermo A.; Blanton, Michael R.; Boardman, Nicholas Fraser; Bolton, Adam S.; Boquien, Mederic; Borissova, Jura; Bovy, Jo; Brandt, W. N.; Brown, Jordan; Brownstein, Joel R.; Brusa, Marcella; Buchner, Johannes; Bundy, Kevin; Burchett, Joseph N.; Bureau, Martin; Burgasser, Adam; Cabang, Tuesday K.; Campbell, Stephanie; Cappellari, Michele; Carlberg, Joleen K.; Wanderley, Fabio Carneiro; Carrera, Ricardo; Cash, Jennifer; Chen, Yan-Ping; Chen, Wei-Huai; Cherinka, Brian; Chiappini, Cristina; Choi, Peter Doohyun; Chojnowski, S. Drew; Chung, Haeun; Clerc, Nicolas; Cohen, Roger E.; Comerford, Julia M.; Comparat, Johan; da Costa, Luiz; Covey, Kevin; Crane, Jeffrey D.; Cruz-Gonzalez, Irene; Culhane, Connor; Cunha, Katia; Dai, Y. Sophia; Damke, Guillermo; Darling, Jeremy; Davidson, James W., Jr.; Davies, Roger; Dawson, Kyle; De Lee, Nathan; Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M.; Cano-Diaz, Mariana; Sanchez, Helena Dominguez; Donor, John; Duckworth, Chris; Dwelly, Tom; Eisenstein, Daniel J.; Elsworth, Yvonne P.; Emsellem, Eric; Eracleous, Mike; Escoffier, Stephanie; Fan, Xiaohui; Farr, Emily; Feng, Shuai; Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G.; Feuillet, Diane; Filipp, Andreas; Fillingham, Sean P.; Frinchaboy, Peter M.; Fromenteau, Sebastien; Galbany, Lluis; Garcia, Rafael A.; Garcia-Hernandez, D. A.; Ge, Junqiang; Geisler, Doug; Gelfand, Joseph; Geron, Tobias; Gibson, Benjamin J.; Goddy, Julian; Godoy-Rivera, Diego; Grabowski, Kathleen; Green, Paul J.; Greener, Michael; Grier, Catherine J.; Griffith, Emily; Guo, Hong; Guy, Julien; Hadjara, Massinissa; Harding, Paul; Hasselquist, Sten; Hayes, Christian R.; Hearty, Fred; Hill, Lewis; Hogg, David W.; Holtzman, Jon A.; Horta, Danny; Hsieh, Bau-Ching; Hsu, Chin-Hao; Hsu, Yun-Hsin; Huber, Daniel; Huertas-Company, Marc; Hutchinson, Brian; Hwang, Ho Seong; Ibarra-Medel, Hector J.; Chitham, Jacob Ider; Ilha, Gabriele S.; Imig, Julie; Jaekle, Will; Jayasinghe, Tharindu; Ji, Xihan; Johnson, Jennifer A.; Jones, Amy; Jonsson, Henrik; Katkov, Ivan; Khalatyan, Arman; Kinemuchi, Karen; Kisku, Shobhit; Knapen, Johan H.; Kneib, Jean-Paul; Kollmeier, Juna A.; Kong, Miranda; Kounkel, Marina; Kreckel, Kathryn; Krishnarao, Dhanesh; Lacerna, Ivan; Lane, Richard R.; Langgin, Rachel; Lavender, Ramon; Law, David R.; Lazarz, Daniel; Leung, Henry W.; Leung, Ho-Hin; Lewis, Hannah M.; Li, Cheng; Li, Ran; Lian, Jianhui; Liang, Fu-Heng; Lin, Lihwai; Lin, Yen-Ting; Lin, Sicheng; Lintott, Chris; Long, Dan; Longa-Pena, Penelope; Lopez-Coba, Carlos; Lu, Shengdong; Lundgren, Britt F.; Luo, Yuanze; Mackereth, J. Ted; de la Macorra, Axel; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Majewski, Steven R.; Manchado, Arturo; Mandeville, Travis; Maraston, Claudia; Margalef-Bentabol, Berta; Masseron, Thomas; Masters, Karen L.; Mathur, Savita; McDermid, Richard M.; Mckay, Myles; Merloni, Andrea; Merrifield, Michael; Meszaros, Szabolcs; Miglio, Andrea; Di Mille, Francesco; Minniti, Dante; Minsley, Rebecca; Monachesi, Antonela; Moon, Jeongin; Mosser, Benoit; Mulchaey, John; Muna, Demitri; Munoz, Ricardo R.; Myers, Adam D.; Myers, Natalie; Nadathur, Seshadri; Nair, Preethi; Nandra, Kirpal; Neumann, Justus; Newman, Jeffrey A.; Nidever, David L.; Nikakhtar, Farnik; Nitschelm, Christian; O'Connell, Julia E.; Garma-Oehmichen, Luis; de Oliveira, Gabriel Luan Souza; Olney, Richard; Oravetz, Daniel; Ortigoza-Urdaneta, Mario; Osorio, Yeisson; Otter, Justin; Pace, Zachary J.; Padilla, Nelson; Pan, Kaike; Pan, Hsi-An; Parikh, Taniya; Parker, James; Peirani, Sebastien; Ramirez, Karla Pena; Penny, Samantha; Percival, Will J.; Perez-Fournon, Ismael; Pinsonneault, Marc; Poidevin, Frederick; Poovelil, Vijith Jacob; Price-Whelan, Adrian M.; Queiroz, Anna Barbara de Andrade; Raddick, M. Jordan; Ray, Amy; Rembold, Sandro Barboza; Riddle, Nicole; Riffel, Rogemar A.; Riffel, Rogerio; Rix, Hans-Walter; Robin, Annie C.; Rodriguez-Puebla, Aldo; Roman-Lopes, Alexandre; Roman-Zuniga, Carlos; Rose, Benjamin; Ross, Ashley J.; Rossi, Graziano; Rubin, Kate H. R.; Salvato, Mara; Sanchez, Sebastian F.; Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R.; Sanderson, Robyn; Rojas, Felipe Antonio Santana; Sarceno, Edgar; Sarmiento, Regina; Sayres, Conor; Sazonova, Elizaveta; Schaefer, Adam L.; Schiavon, Ricardo; Schlegel, David J.; Schneider, Donald P.; Schultheis, Mathias; Schwope, Axel; Serenelli, Aldo; Serna, Javier; Shao, Zhengyi; Shapiro, Griffin; Sharma, Anubhav; Shen, Yue; Shetrone, Matthew; Shu, Yiping; Simon, Joshua D.; Skrutskie, M. F.; Smethurst, Rebecca; Smith, Verne; Sobeck, Jennifer; Spoo, Taylor; Sprague, Dani; Stark, David, V; Stassun, Keivan G.; Steinmetz, Matthias; Stello, Dennis; Stone-Martinez, Alexander; Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa; Stringfellow, Guy S.; Stutz, Amelia; Su, Yung-Chau; Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr; Talbot, Michael S.; Tayar, Jamie; Telles, Eduardo; Teske, Johanna; Thakar, Ani; Theissen, Christopher; Tkachenko, Andrew; Thomas, Daniel; Tojeiro, Rita; Toledo, Hector Hernandez; Troup, Nicholas W.; Trump, Jonathan R.; Trussler, James; Turner, Jacqueline; Tuttle, Sarah; Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo; Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio; Valentini, Marica; Valenzuela, Octavio; Vargas-Gonzalez, Jaime; Vargas-Magana, Mariana; Alfaro, Pablo Vera; Villanova, Sandro; Vincenzo, Fiorenzo; Wake, David; Warfield, Jack T.; Washington, Jessica Diane; Weaver, Benjamin Alan; Weijmans, Anne-Marie; Weinberg, David H.; Weiss, Achim; Westfall, Kyle B.; Wild, Vivienne; Wilde, Matthew C.; Wilson, John C.; Wilson, Robert F.; Wilson, Mikayla; Wolf, Julien; Wood-Vasey, W. M.; Yan, Renbin; Zamora, Olga; Zasowski, Gail; Zhang, Kai; Zhao, Cheng; Zheng, Zheng; Zheng, Zheng; Zhu, Kai
    This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the complete release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, which reached its goal of surveying over 10,000 nearby galaxies. The complete release of the MaNGA Stellar Library accompanies this data, providing observations of almost 30,000 stars through the MaNGA instrument during bright time. DR17 also contains the complete release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 survey that publicly releases infrared spectra of over 650,000 stars. The main sample from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), as well as the subsurvey Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey data were fully released in DR16. New single-fiber optical spectroscopy released in DR17 is from the SPectroscipic IDentification of ERosita Survey subsurvey and the eBOSS-RM program. Along with the primary data sets, DR17 includes 25 new or updated value-added catalogs. This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data. SDSS continues into its fifth phase with observations already underway for the Milky Way Mapper, Local Volume Mapper, and Black Hole Mapper surveys.
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    Variable stars in the fornax dsph galaxy. I. The globular cluster fornax
    (2007) Greco, Claudia; Clementini, Gisella; Catelan, Marcio; Held, Enrico V.; Poretti, Ennio; Gullieuszik, Marco; Maio, Marcella; Rest, Armin; De Lee, Nathan; Smith, Horace A.; Pritzl, Barton J.
    Variable stars have been identified for the first time in Fornax 4, the globular cluster located near the center of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy. By applying the image-subtraction technique to B and V time series photometry obtained with the MagIC camera of the 6.5m Magellan Clay telescope and with the wide field imager of the 4 m Blanco CTIO telescope, we detected 27 RR Lyrae stars (22 fundamental-mode, 3 first-overtone, and 2 double-mode pulsators) in a 2.4' x 2.4' area centered on Fornax 4. The average and minimum periods of the ab-type RR Lyrae stars, < Pab > = 0: 594 days and P(ab,min) = 0.5191 days, respectively, as well as the revised position of the cluster in the horizontal branch type-metallicity plane, all consistently point to an Oosterhoff-intermediate status for the cluster, unlike what is seen for the vast majority of Galactic globular clusters, but in agreement with previous indications for the other globular clusters in Fornax. The average apparent magnitude of the RR Lyrae stars located within 3000 from the cluster center is < V(RR)> = 21.43 +/- 0.03 mag (sigma = 0.10 mag, average of 12 stars), leading to a true distance modulus of mu(0) = 20.64 +/- 0.09 mag or mu(0) = 20.53 +/- 0.09 mag, depending on whether a low ([Fe/H] = -2.0) or a moderately high ([Fe/H] = -1: 5) metallicity is adopted.