Browsing by Author "Dannlowski, Udo"

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    Connectome architecture shapes large-scale cortical alterations in schizophrenia: a worldwide ENIGMA study
    (2024) Georgiadis, Foivos; Lariviere, Sara; Glahn, David; Hong, L. Elliot; Kochunov, Peter; Mowry, Bryan; Loughland, Carmel; Pantelis, Christos; Henskens, Frans A.; Green, Melissa J.; Cairns, Murray J.; Michie, Patricia T.; Rasser, Paul E.; Catts, Stanley; Tooney, Paul; Scott, Rodney J.; Schall, Ulrich; Carr, Vaughan; Quide, Yann; Krug, Axel; Stein, Frederike; Nenadic, Igor; Brosch, Katharina; Kircher, Tilo; Gur, Raquel; Gur, Ruben; Satterthwaite, Theodore D.; Karuk, Andriana; Pomarol-Clotet, Edith; Radua, Joaquim; Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola; Salvador, Raymond; Spalletta, Gianfranco; Voineskos, Aristotle; Sim, Kang; Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto; Gutierrez, Diana Tordesillas; Ehrlich, Stefan; Crossley, Nicolas; Grotegerd, Dominik; Repple, Jonathan; Lencer, Rebekka; Dannlowski, Udo; Calhoun, Vince; Rootes-Murdy, Kelly; Demro, Caroline; Ramsay, Ian S.; Sponheim, Scott R.; Schmidt, Andre; Borgwardt, Stefan; Tomyshev, Alexander; Lebedeva, Irina; Hoeschl, Cyril; Spaniel, Filip; Preda, Adrian; Nguyen, Dana; Uhlmann, Anne; Stein, Dan J.; Howells, Fleur; Temmingh, Henk S.; Zuluaga, Ana M. Diaz; Jaramillo, Carlos Lopez; Iasevoli, Felice; Ji, Ellen; Homan, Stephanie; Omlor, Wolfgang; Homan, Philipp; Kaiser, Stefan; Seifritz, Erich; Misic, Bratislav; Valk, Sofie L.; Thompson, Paul; van Erp, Theo G. M.; Turner, Jessica A.; Bernhardt, Boris; Kirschner, Matthias
    Schizophrenia is a prototypical network disorder with widespread brain-morphological alterations, yet it remains unclear whether these distributed alterations robustly reflect the underlying network layout. We tested whether large-scale structural alterations in schizophrenia relate to normative structural and functional connectome architecture, and systematically evaluated robustness and generalizability of these network-level alterations. Leveraging anatomical MRI scans from 2439 adults with schizophrenia and 2867 healthy controls from 26 ENIGMA sites and normative data from the Human Connectome Project (n = 207), we evaluated structural alterations of schizophrenia against two network susceptibility models: (i) hub vulnerability, which examines associations between regional network centrality and magnitude of disease-related alterations; (ii) epicenter mapping, which identifies regions whose typical connectivity profile most closely resembles the disease-related morphological alterations. To assess generalizability and specificity, we contextualized the influence of site, disease stages, and individual clinical factors and compared network associations of schizophrenia with that found in affective disorders. Our findings show schizophrenia-related cortical thinning is spatially associated with functional and structural hubs, suggesting that highly interconnected regions are more vulnerable to morphological alterations. Predominantly temporo-paralimbic and frontal regions emerged as epicenters with connectivity profiles linked to schizophrenia's alteration patterns. Findings were robust across sites, disease stages, and related to individual symptoms. Moreover, transdiagnostic comparisons revealed overlapping epicenters in schizophrenia and bipolar, but not major depressive disorder, suggestive of a pathophysiological continuity within the schizophrenia-bipolar-spectrum. In sum, cortical alterations over the course of schizophrenia robustly follow brain network architecture, emphasizing marked hub susceptibility and temporo-frontal epicenters at both the level of the group and the individual. Subtle variations of epicenters across disease stages suggest interacting pathological processes, while associations with patient-specific symptoms support additional inter-individual variability of hub vulnerability and epicenters in schizophrenia. Our work outlines potential pathways to better understand macroscale structural alterations, and inter- individual variability in schizophrenia.
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    Obesity and brain structure in schizophrenia - ENIGMA study in 3021 individuals
    (2022) McWhinney, Sean R.; Brosch, Katharina; Calhoun, Vince D.; Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto; Crossley, Nicolas A.; Dannlowski, Udo; Dickie, Erin; Dietze, Lorielle M. F.; Donohoe, Gary; Du Plessis, Stefan; Ehrlich, Stefan; Emsley, Robin; Furstova, Petra; Glahn, David C.; Gonzalez-Valderrama, Alfonso; Grotegerd, Dominik; Holleran, Laurena; Kircher, Tilo T. J.; Knytl, Pavel; Kolenic, Marian; Lencer, Rebekka; Nenadic, Igor; Opel, Nils; Pfarr, Julia-Katharina; Rodrigue, Amanda L.; Rootes-Murdy, Kelly; Ross, Alex J.; Sim, Kang; Skoch, Antonin; Spaniel, Filip; Stein, Frederike; Svancer, Patrik; Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Diana; Undurraga, Juan; Vaquez-Bourgon, Javier; Voineskos, Aristotle; Walton, Esther; Weickert, Thomas W.; Weickert, Cynthia Shannon; Thompson, Paul M.; van Erp, Theo G. M.; Turner, Jessica A.; Hajek, Tomas
    Schizophrenia is frequently associated with obesity, which is linked with neurostructural alterations. Yet, we do not understand how the brain correlates of obesity map onto the brain changes in schizophrenia. We obtained MRI-derived brain cortical and subcortical measures and body mass index (BMI) from 1260 individuals with schizophrenia and 1761 controls from 12 independent research sites within the ENIGMA-Schizophrenia Working Group. We jointly modeled the statistical effects of schizophrenia and BMI using mixed effects. BMI was additively associated with structure of many of the same brain regions as schizophrenia, but the cortical and subcortical alterations in schizophrenia were more widespread and pronounced. Both BMI and schizophrenia were primarily associated with changes in cortical thickness, with fewer correlates in surface area. While, BMI was negatively associated with cortical thickness, the significant associations between BMI and surface area or subcortical volumes were positive. Lastly, the brain correlates of obesity were replicated among large studies and closely resembled neurostructural changes in major depressive disorders. We confirmed widespread associations between BMI and brain structure in individuals with schizophrenia. People with both obesity and schizophrenia showed more pronounced brain alterations than people with only one of these conditions. Obesity appears to be a relevant factor which could account for heterogeneity of brain imaging findings and for differences in brain imaging outcomes among people with schizophrenia.