Browsing by Author "Cuzick, Jack"

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    A Pooled Analysis to Compare the Clinical Characteristics of Human Papillomavirus-positive and -Negative Cervical Precancers
    (2020) Castle, Philip E.; Pierz, Amanda J.; Adcock, Rachael; Aslam, Shagufta; Basu, Partha S.; Belinson, Jerome L.; Cuzick, Jack; El-Zein, Mariam; Ferreccio, Catterina; Firnhaber, Cynthia; Franco, Eduardo L.; Gravitt, Patti E.; Isidean, Sandra D.; Lin, John; Mahmud, Salaheddin M.; Monsonego, Joseph; Muwonge, Richard; Ratnam, Samuel; Safaeian, Mahboobeh; Schiffman, Mark; Smith, Jennifer S.; Swarts, Avril; Wright, Thomas C.; Van De Wyngard, Vanessa; Xi, Long Fu
    Given that high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the necessary cause of virtually all cervical cancer, the clinical meaning of HPV-negative cervical precancer is unknown. We, therefore, conducted a literature search in Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar to identify English-language studies in which (i) HPV-negative and -positive, histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or more severe diagnoses (CIN2+) were detected and (ii) summarized statistics or deidentified individual data were available to summarize proportions of biomarkers indicating risk of cancer. Nineteen studies including 3,089 (91.0%) HPV-positive and 307 (9.0%) HPV-negative CIN2+ were analyzed. HPV-positive CIN2+ (vs. HPV-negative CIN2+) was more likely to test positive for biomarkers linked to cancer risk: a study diagnosis of CIN3+ (vs. CIN2; 18 studies; 0.56 vs. 0.24; P < 0.001) preceding high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cytology (15 studies; 0.54 vs. 0.10; P < 0.001); and high-grade colposcopic impression (13 studies; 0.30 vs. 0.18; P = 0.03). HPV-negative CIN2+ was more likely to test positive for low-risk HPV genotypes than HPV-positive CIN2+ (P < 0.001). HPV-negative CIN2+ appears to have lower cancer risk than HPV-positive CIN2+. Clinical studies of human high-risk HPV testing for screening to prevent cervical cancer may refer samples of HPV test-negative women for disease ascertainment to correct verification bias in the estimates of clinical performance. However, verification bias adjustment of the clinical performance of HPV testing may overcorrect/underestimate its clinical performance to detect truly precancerous abnormalities.
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    Cervical screening by visual inspection, HPV testing, liquid-based and conventional cytology in Amazonian Peru
    (WILEY, 2007) Almonte, Maribel; Ferreccio, Catterina; Winkler, Jennifer L.; Cuzick, Jack; Tsu, Vivien; Robles, Sylvia; Takahashi, Rina; Sasieni, Peter
    Cervical cancer is an important public health problem in many developing countries, where cytology screening has been ineffective. We compared four tests to identify the most appropriate for screening in countries with limited resources. Nineteen midwives screened 5,435 women with visual inspection (VIA) and collected cervical samples for HPV testing, liquid-based cytology (LBC) and conventional cytology (CC). If VIA was positive, a doctor performed magnified VIA. CC was read locally, LBC was read in Lima and HPV testing was done in London. Women with a positive screening test were offered colposcopy or cryotherapy (with biopsy). Inadequacy rates were 5% and 11% for LBC and CC respectively, and less than 0.1% for VIA and HPV. One thousand eight hundred eightyone women (84% of 2,236) accepted colposcopy/cryotherapy: 79 had carcinoma in situ or cancer (CIS+), 27 had severe- and 42 moderate-dysplasia on histology. We estimated a further 6.5 cases of CIS+ in women without a biopsy. Sensitivity for CIS+ (specificity for less than moderate dysplasia) was 41.2% (76.7%) for VIA,95.8% (89.3%) for HPV, 80.3% (83.7%) for LBC, and 42.5% (98.7%) for CC. Sensitivities for moderate dysplasia or worse were better for VIA (54.9%) and less favourable for HPV and cytology. In this setting, VIA and CC missed the majority of high-grade disease. Overall, HPV testing performed best. VIA gives immediate results, but will require investment in regular training and supervision. Further work is needed to determine whether screened-posilive women should all be treated or triaged with a more specific test. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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    Risk Factors for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cofactors for High-Grade Cervical Disease in Peru
    (BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, 2011) Almonte, Maribel; Ferreccio, Catterina; Gonzales, Miguel; Delgado, Jose Manuel; Buckley, C. Hilary; Luciani, Silvana; Robles, Sylvia C.; Winkler, Jennifer L.; Tsu, Vivien D.; Jeronimo, Jose; Cuzick, Jack; Sasieni, Peter
    Objective: To evaluate the association between potential risk factors for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and cofactors for cervical intraepithelial lesions grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) in women attending cervical screening in Amazonian Peru.
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    Visual Inspection after Acetic Acid (VIA) Is Highly Heterogeneous in Primary Cervical Screening in Amazonian Peru
    (2015) Almonte, Maribel; Ferreccio Readi, Catterina; Luciani, Silvana; Gonzales, Miguel; Delgado, José M.; Santos, Carlos; Álvarez, Manuel; Cuzick, Jack; Sasieni, Peter