Browsing by Author "Cumsille E., Patricio"

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    El alcance del apoyo social previo al parte : su efecto en la salud y calidad de vida postparto
    (2018) Prado Macchiavello, Colomba Isidora; Cumsille E., Patricio; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología
    Introducción: La mujer durante el embarazo y postparto atraviesa por cambios físicos, psicológicos y sociales que pueden llegar a impactar negativamente su calidad de vida, incluso más del periodo normal. En este contexto, el apoyo social surge como un recurso beneficioso dado a su impacto en la salud y calidad de vida. Sin embargo, el mecanismo por el cual el apoyo social ejerce su efecto, no parece estar claro. Objetivo: Evaluar el mecanismo por el cual el apoyo social percibido en las últimas semanas previo al parto, podría relacionarse con una mejor calidad de vida postparto. Diseño: Estudio longitudinal con tres momentos de medición: entre las 32 y 36 semanas de embarazo, primer mes postparto y tercer mes postparto. Participantes: N=177 mujeres embarazadas mayores de 18 años que se atendían en cuatro centros seleccionados de la Red UC CHRISTUS. Instrumentos: Escala de apoyo social percibido (MOS-SSS), Escala de Depresión Postparto de Edimburgo (EPDS), Cuestionario de Salud PHQ-15, Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida SF-12. Análisis: Análisis de mediación y moderación utilizando el programa IBM SPSS versión 25 y el macro PROCESS. Resultados: Las mujeres presentaron una menor calidad de vida previo al parto en comparación con el posparto y los síntomas físicos y depresivos se relacionaron significativamente con la calidad de vida postparto. El apoyo informativo se relacionó con los síntomas depresivos al primer y al tercer mes postparto. El apoyo instrumental se relacionó de forma indirecta con la calidad de vida del primer mes postparto, mediante su efecto en los síntomas depresivos. Los resultados no apoyan la hipótesis de moderación del apoyo social. Conclusión: Los resultados apoyan una hipótesis de mediación de los síntomas depresivos en la relación entre el apoyo social y la calidad de vida del postparto inicial. El apoyo instrumental destaca como recurso que se pueden potenciar para prevenir el riesgo de síntomas depresivos significativos en el postparto y para fortalecer la calidad de vida de las madres.
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    Análisis del cambio en los niveles de logros de escuelas de alta vulnerabilidad social
    (2008) Volante Beach, Paulo; Cumsille E., Patricio; Denardin Gonçalves, Fernanda; Müller Araya, Magdalena
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    Análisis Psicométrico de la Escala Parental Breve (EPB) : Invarianza Demográfica y Longitudinal en Adolescentes Chilenos
    (2014) Cumsille E., Patricio; Martínez Guzmán, María Loreto; Rodríguez, Viviana; Darling, Nancy
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    Bidirectional relationship between behavioral activation and postpartum depressive symptoms: a random intercept cross-lagged panel model
    (2021) Huerta García, Ivelisse; Gómez Pérez, Lidia; Cumsille E., Patricio; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología
    La presente tesis tiene por objetivo examinar la relación bidireccional entre los síntomasdepresivos postparto y la activación conductual de mujeres gestantes. Para esto se utilizarondatos del proyecto FONDECYT 1171727 “Predicting perinatal and postpartum pain,physical health symptoms, and depressive symptoms among Chilean women”. Los datoscorresponden a mediciones longitudinales en cuatro tiempos, esto es, entre las 32 y 37semanas de embarazo, un mes, tres meses y seis meses postparto. Se realizó un modelo panelde efectos cruzados con interceptos aleatorios (RI-CLPM, por sus siglas en inglés) paraevaluar esta relación. Los resultados indicaron que la relación entre síntomas depresivospostparto y activación conductual es bidireccional, lo que apoya nuestra hipótesis.
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    Bidirectional Relationship Between Intraindividual Changes in Behavioral Activation and Intraindividual Changes in Postpartum Depressive Symptoms: A Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model
    (American Psychological Association, 2024) Huerta García, Ivelisse; Cumsille E., Patricio; Vergés, Álvaro; Gómez Pérez, Lidia
    According to Lewisohn’s model of depression, decreases in behavioral activation (BA) occurring after facing a vital stressor may increase the risk of depression. Transition to parenthood is a potentially stressful life event that increases the risks of postpartum depression. We aimed to (a) describe the changes in BA and depressive symptomatology between the prepartum period, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum and (b) evaluate the bidirectionality of the relationship between intraindividual changes in BA and intraindividual changes in depressive symptoms longitudinally. Chilean pregnant women (N = 503) completed a battery of questionnaires when they were between 32 and 37 weeks of gestation and 1, 3, and 6 months after delivery. A repeated measures analysis of variance showed that BA significantly decreased from prepartum to 1 month postpartum. A random intercept cross-lagged panel model supported the bidirectional inverse relationship between intraindividual changes in BA and intraindividual changes in depressive symptoms. The effect sizes of these associations were large (βs ranging from −.141 to −.243) according to Orth et al. (2022)’s recommendations for cross-lagged effect benchmarks. This relationship showed robustness when multigroup random intercept cross-lagged panel models were conducted to adjust for several covariates (i.e., marital status, the type of health insurance, type of delivery, primiparous vs. multiparous participants, and pregnancy or delivery complication or newborn health problem). Nonetheless, reporting a previous history of major depression moderated this relationship so that intraindividual decreases in BA more likely led to intraindividual increases in depressive symptoms in people with a history of depression than in people without such a history. We discuss implications for behavioral models of depression.
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    Bidirectional relationship between physical health symptoms and depressive symptoms in the pre- and postpartum period
    (2020) Gómez Pérez, Lidia; Cumsille E., Patricio; Román Butrón, Camila Belén
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    Chilean Adolescents´ and Parents´ Views on Autonomy Development
    (2014) Martínez Guzmán, María Loreto; Pérez J., Carola; Cumsille E., Patricio
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    Classes of bullying behaviour in Chilean preadolescents
    (2025) Cárcamo Ibaceta, Marcela; Cumsille E., Patricio; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Salud Pública
    Bullying is defined as persistent, hostile actions intended to harm the recipient in a power imbalance relationship. While children and adolescents have been identified as either victims, bullies or bully-victims in past research, few studies have identified patterns of more specific forms of bullying and victimisation behaviour. In addition, questions about stability and changes in patterns of bullying behaviours still need to be answered. This study aimed to characterise classes of bullying and victimisation and estimate the latent transitions of bullying behaviour and its associations with psychosocial and emotional dimensions in students from schools serving socially vulnerable populations. The study utilized secondary self–report data from Chilean students (n = 5151) aged 9–13 years at baseline. The Olweus Bully-Victim Questionnaire was administered to identify victims and bullies. We included items related to diverse types of bullying behaviour, such as teasing, exclusion, fighting and rumours, among others. We used latent class analysis to identify students’ classes in 2016 and latent transition analysis to explore change or stability between 2016 and 2017. We used the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) self-reported student version to estimate the association of the classes with individual predictive factors, such as emotional symptoms and problematic behaviours. Overall, 54% of the 2016 sample was included in a class associated with bullying behaviour, either as a victim, a bully, or a bully-victim. The prevalences of the classes were non-involved (46%), teasing-victim (25%), teasing-bully (13%), only victim (10%) and bully-victim (6%).Regarding predictors, the emotional symptoms were associated with higher odds of belonging to the bully-victim, victim, and teasing-victim classes, in contrast to non-involved classes. In comparison, conduct problems were associated with higher odds of belonging to any class other than the non-involved class. The simultaneous modelling of data from 2016 and 2017 (n = 3,790) allowed us to identify four invariant statuses across the two time points: bully-victim, verbal psychological victim, teasing-bully, and non-involved. The students in the four statuses had a greater probability of remaining in the same status: the most stable status was the non-involved (.804), and the least stable was the bully-victim (.333), while the verbal psychological victim (.569), the teasing-bully (.450) had an almost equal probability of remaining and transitioning. Emotional and behavioural indicators significantly predicted the transition between statuses. Sex as a predictor was related to status membership. For example, students being female in 2016 increased the odds of transitioning to non-involved and verbal psychological status as opposed to remaining in teasing-bully status in 2017. The intervention variable and age were not predictive of status changes.Identifying heterogeneous classes of bullying and victimisation and specific correlates may allow for tailoring intervention to prevent specific forms of bullying behaviour. Measuring the processes of change and stability will allow us to understand bullying from a dynamic perspective and why students do not remain in the same role.
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    Cross-national evidences of a school-based universal programme for promoting prosocial behaviours in peer interactions: Main theoretical communalities and local unicity
    (2020) Luengo Kanacri, Bernadette Paula; Zuffiano, A; Pastorelli, C; Jiménez Moya, Gloria; Tirado, LU; Thartori, E; Gerbino, M; Cumsille E., Patricio; Martínez Guzmán, María Loreto
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    ¿Es la participación política convencional un indicador del compromiso cívico de los jóvenes?
    (2015) Varela Candia, Edmundo Patricio; Martínez Guzmán, María Loreto; Cumsille E., Patricio
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    Estandarización de la Escala Wechsler de Inteligencia para Adultos-Cuarta Edición en Chile
    (2014) Rosas Díaz, Ricardo; Pizarro, M., Marcelo; Cumsille E., Patricio; Bosch Cartagena, María Angélica; Arancibia, S.; Carmona-Halty, M.; Perez-Salas, C.P.; Pino, E.; Vizcarra, B.; Zapata-Sepulveda, P.; Tenorio Delgado, Marcela
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    Heterogeneity and Change in the Patterning of Adolescents’ Perceptions of the Legitimacy of Parental Authority: A Latent Transition Model
    (2009) Cumsille E., Patricio; Darling, Nancy; Flaherty, Brian; Martínez Guzmán, María Loreto
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    Momentary task-values and expectations predict engagement in science among Finnish and Chilean secondary school students
    (2021) Salmela Aro, K.; Upadyaya, K.; Cumsille E., Patricio; Lavonen, J.; Avalos, B.; Eccles, J.
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    On the use and abuse of wording factors: A systematic review and estimation of derived indices using the RSES
    (2023) Ponce, Fernando P.; Gómez Ojeda, Fabiola; Arias, Victor Benito; Cumsille E., Patricio
    Several studies have proposed the bifactor structure as the optimal model to represent wording effects observed with balanced scales. This specification allows to separate variance accounted for by the attribute from the variance attributable to the measurement method, which is used to examine the substantive or artifactual interpretation of the wording effect. However, the suitability of these method factors for this use is uncertain due to the risks of overfitting and lack of stability and interpretability of the estimated parameters, aspects barely examined in previous research. In this paper, using different indices of model assessment, we examine the degree to which the attribute and wording factors are psychometrically well-defined to serve in the SEM context as predictors or criteria, illustrating their use with the RSES scale. We carried out a systematic review in four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PsycArticles, and Google Scholar), which resulted in 71 records that reported the factor loadings of the bifactor model or made their data available. Our findings suggest a greater prominence of the general factor in all the indicators associated with the explained and reliable common variance, stability, and construct's replicability. In contrast, the specific factors related to item wording exhibited low values in the indices of replicability and consistency. These findings support the argument that the RSES is essentially a one-dimensional instrument. Most generally, the results question the argument that wording factors can be considered appropriate criteria for examining the underlying nature of wording effects.
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    Parental and individual predictors of trajectories of depressive symptoms in Chilean adolescents
    (2015) Cumsille E., Patricio; Martínez Guzmán, María Loreto; Rodríguez, Viviana; Darling, Viviana
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    Patterns of Civic and Political Commitment in Early Adolescence
    (2020) Martínez Guzmán, María Loreto; Cumsille E., Patricio; Loyola, I; Castillo Valenzuela, Juan Carlos
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    Post-traumatic stress symptoms in adolescents exposed to an earthquake : association with self-efficacy, perceived magnitude, and fear
    (2014) Guerra Vio, Cristóbal; Cumsille E., Patricio; Martínez Guzmán, María Loreto
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    Prediciendo el dolor de parto y postparto desde el modelo de miedo-evitación del dolor
    (2019) Gallardo Cifuentes, Daniella Belén; Gallardo Cifuentes, Daniella Belén; Cumsille E., Patricio; Gómez Pérez, Lidia; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología
    Se han realizado estudios para identificar los predictores del dolor de parto y postparto en diferentes países, los cuales varían en su diseño y han restringido la muestra a un dolor en particular y no generalizado, por lo que aún no hay claridad sobre cuáles podrían ser los predictores del dolor postparto de las mujeres. En Chile, a pesar del alto porcentaje de mujeres que reportan dolor persistente hasta 3 meses después del parto, aún no se han realizado estudios que investiguen por qué se genera dolor relacionado con el parto, o cuáles podrían ser sus predictores. En el presente estudio, se utilizó el modelo de miedo-evitación del dolor (catastrofismo, miedo al dolor e hipervigilancia) como predictor del dolor de parto, de la presencia y de la intensidad del dolor postparto, en mujeres chilenas que no presentaban una condición de dolor crónica previa al embarazo. En este estudio longitudinal participaron 177 mujeres embarazadas mayores de 18 años y que asistían a los Servicios de Ginecología y Obstetricia de la Red de Salud UC Christus (Centros de Salud Familiar Áncora y Centro Médico Lira) en la ciudad de Santiago de Chile. Las participantes fueron evaluadas en tres momentos: cuando tenían entre 32 y 36 semanas de gestación, un mes después del parto y a los 3 meses después del parto. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el conjunto de las variables del modelo de miedo-evitación no predicen el dolor de parto, la presencia de dolor y la intensidad de dolor postparto. No obstante, el dolor fue predicho por alguna de las variables del modelo de miedo-evitación del dolor por sobre las variables control. La hipervigilancia fue la variable con más capacidad predictiva que las otras variables del modelo de miedo-evitación del dolor.
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    Los programas educativos para parejas y matrimonios : una nueva propuesta clínica para Chile
    (2015) Rivera, Diana; Cumsille E., Patricio; Domínguez Hidalgo, Carmen Aída; Hidalgo Carmona, Carmen Gloria