Browsing by Author "Cordón Slowing, Paola"

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    Government Trust and Motivational Factors on Health Protective Behaviors to Prevent COVID-19 Among Young Adults
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Bronfman, Nicolás; Repetto Lisboa, Paula; Cisternas Ordoñez, Pamela; Castañeda González, Javiera; Cordón Slowing, Paola
    Copyright © 2022 Bronfman, Repetto, Cisternas, Castañeda and Cordón.Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of government trust on young adults’ adoption of health behaviors to prevent infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Method: We tested the hypothesis that government trust would directly and indirectly (through worry/fear and subjective norms) influence the adoption of health-protective behaviors. A sample of 1,136 university students completed a web survey after Chile’s first wave of infections. Results: The results indicate that low government trust only indirectly (through subjective norms) influenced health-protective behaviors. Conversely, worry/fear was the primary motivating factor for adopting health-protective behaviors in young adults, followed by subjective norms. Conclusion: In scenarios where people perceive low government trust, emotions and social norms are the motivational factors with the most significant predictive power on the adoption of health-protective behaviors.
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    La relación entre ideología política y preparación ante terremotos
    (2020) Cordón Slowing, Paola; Repetto Lisboa, Paula Beatriz; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología
    La ideología política no ha sido considerada en el estudio de preparación ante desastres naturales no asociados al cambio climático, como son los terremotos, a pesar de la relevancia reconocida que tiene el sistema político en la respuesta frente a éste. En consecuencia, el objetivo de este estudio fue explorar el rol de la ideología política, en sus dimensiones simbólica y operacional, en la preparación de las personas ante terremotos, controlando por la percepción de riesgo y la confianza en autoridades. En este estudio exploratorio, participaron 500 adultos, que corresponden a una muestra representativa y estratificada de la región de Valparaíso, Chile. Se evaluaron: ideología política (simbólica y operacional), percepción de riesgo, confianza en las autoridades, y preparación, además de características sociodemográficas. Se realizaron análisis de correlación de Pearson de orden 0 y parcial de segundo orden, con el fin de controlar el efecto de otras variables. Para explorar en mayor profundidad las diferencias entre grupos de ideología política, y su relación con preparación actual, confianza en autoridades y percepción de riesgo; se realizaron ANOVAs y análisis Post-Hoc usando HSD Tukey. Los resultados muestran que tanto la dimensión simbólica como la operacional de la ideología política están correlacionadas con la preparación ante terremotos (p<0.05) y con la confianza en autoridades (p<0.01), pero no con percepción de riesgo. Las personas que se autodenominan de derecha y aquellos que se declaran pro-mercado reportan mayor nivel de preparación y mayor confianza en autoridades en comparación con el resto de los grupos. Mientras que el grupo que se denomina de izquierda y el grupo pro-estado tienen el menor nivel de preparación y la menor confianza en autoridades. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que la ideología política es un factor relevante en la preparación para desastres. Además, sugieren que la preparación y confianza en autoridades no es independiente a las características ideológicas del individuo. En este sentido, si la decisión de tomar medidas individuales de preparación ante riesgos depende de la relación del individuo con el gobierno de turno, la sociedad podría quedar vulnerable y polarizada ante escenarios de alta amenaza pública. Finalmente, los hallazgos introducen elementos adicionales a considerar en las estrategias de comunicación del riesgo.
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    The relationship between political ideology and current earthquake and tsunami preparedness
    (2022) Repetto Lisboa, Paula Beatriz; Cordón Slowing, Paola; Bronfman Cáceres, Nicolás
    Previous studies have revealed that political ideology can influence motivations for individual preparedness to mitigate the effects of climate change. Few studies have examined its role in individual preparedness behaviors to reduce the impacts of other natural hazards, such as earthquakes and tsunamis. The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of political ideology on current individual earthquake and tsunami preparedness behaviors among inhabitants of Chile's coastal areas. A statistically representative sample of the Valparaiso Region (N = 500) participated in this study. They were part of a more extensive study conducted between 2018 and 2019 in cities along the Chilean coastline, intending to study preparedness for multiple natural hazards. The survey evaluated trust in government authorities regarding emergency management, current earthquake/tsunami preparedness behaviors, and political ideology. The results reveal that political ideology is a relevant factor in predicting emergency preparedness behaviors and is significantly related to trust in government authorities. The individuals located on the right extreme of both dimensions of political ideology (those self-identified as rightwing and/or pro-market) report a higher level of current earthquake/tsunami preparedness, compared to their respective groups. Thus, for future design and implementation of natural disaster preparedness strategies and programs, the agencies in charge should recognize the role of political ideology.
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    Volvamos Juntos: evaluation of the implementation of a Social Health Intervention to mitigate the impact of Covid-19 in businesses in Antofagasta, Chile
    (2025) Sapag Muñoz, Jaime; Molina Aiquel, Mónica; Martínez Pérez, Mayra; Cordón Slowing, Paola; Cespedes Maturana, Patricio Ignacio; Concha, Mauro; Fuentes, Marcelo; Fernández, Andrea; Zuzulich Pavéz, María Soledad; Repetto, Paula; Echeverría Errázuriz, Guadalupe; Cáceres, Hernán; Peñaloza Hidalgo, Blanca Elvira
    Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact not only on healthcare but also on labor and socioeconomic sectors worldwide, leading to the development of strategies to mitigate the crisis’ widespread repercussions. In Antofagasta, Chile, an innovation project entitled Volvamos Juntos (“Let’s Return Together”) was developed to support a diverse group of micro and small businesses. The project consisted of accompanying companies in the process of reopening safely and included interventions ranging from educating and testing employees for COVID-19 to developing protocols to avoid contagion and other preventive measures. The evaluation of the project’s implementation is presented here. Methods A mixed-methods, collaborative study was conducted, adhering to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and Proctor’s Implementation Outcomes, with an online survey, interviews, and focus groups with businesses’ representatives, the implementation team, and program stakeholders. Quantitative analyses were descriptive: frequencies and means were calculated, along with dispersion measures as appropriate, and in some cases, ANOVA tests were performed to assess differences. Qualitative information was processed with content analysis. Finally, an integrated hybrid analysis was conducted, guided by the study’s objectives and theoretical framework. Results A total of 156 leaders from 203 participating businesses answered the online survey (response rate: 76.8%), and 46 people participated in the qualitative component (31 in interviews, 15 in focus groups). Overall, the program’s implementation according to different CFIR dimensions and certain outcomes was evaluated satisfactorily. In the survey, 96.7% participants rated the program’s suitability as satisfactory to maximum (grades 5 to 7 out of 7), 92.3% rated the feasibility with an average of 6.0, 97.4% rated the sustainability with an average of 5.9, and 94.3% indicated that they would favorably recommend (grades 6 or 7) the program to other institutions. Strengths and weaknesses were identified, and lessons learned include the need to plan for changing contexts, the relevance of collaborative and interdisciplinary work, and the importance of flexible support processes that promote autonomy and sustainability. Conclusions Volvamos Juntos met its proposed implementation objectives, despite several challenges. Reflections from this innovative social health program are relevant for the development of other interventions in times of crisis. Trial registration N/A.