Browsing by Author "Cienfuegos Carrasco, Rodrigo Alberto"

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    Examining the role of urban form in supporting rapid and safe tsunami evacuations: A multi-scalar analysis in Viña del Mar, Chile
    (2018) León, Jorge; Mokrani, Cyril; Catalán, Patricio; Cienfuegos Carrasco, Rodrigo Alberto; Femenías, Carolina
    Cities are increasingly becoming hot-spots for nature-originated disasters. While the role of the urban built environment in fostering disaster resilience has been recognized for some time, it has been difficult to translate this potential into practice. This is especially challenging in the case of rapid onset crises such as near-field tsunamis, when appropriate urban forms have to support the populations' ability to autonomously carry out safe and timely responses. In this respect, much of current research remains focused on large-scale elements of urban configuration (streets, squares, parks, etc.) through which people move during an emergency. In contrast, the critical micro-scale of evacuees' experiences within the built environment is not commonly examined. This paper addresses this shortfall through a macro- and micro-scale analysis of a near-field tsunami scenario affecting the city of Villa del Mar, Chile, including a mixed-methods approach that combines computer-based models and fieldwork. The results show significant macro-scale tsunami vulnerability throughout major areas of the city, which nonetheless could be mitigated by existing nearby high ground and an urban form that allows short evacuation times. However, micro-scale outcomes show comparatively deficient spatial conditions that during an emergency might lead to dangerous outcomes including bottlenecks, falls and panic. Vertical evacuation, in turn, is confirmed as a suitable option for reducing vulnerability, but further examination of each shelter's characteristics is required. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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    Numerical computation of infragravity wave dynamics and velocity profiles using a fully nonlinear Boussinesq model
    (2010) Cienfuegos Carrasco, Rodrigo Alberto; Duarte, L.; Suarez, L.; Catalán, P.A.
    We present experimental and numerical analysis of nonlinear processes responsible for generating infragravity waves in the nearshore. We provide new experimental data on random wave propagation and associated velocity profiles in the shoaling and surf zones of a very mild slope beach. We analyze low frequency wave generation mechanisms and dynamics along the beach and examine in detail the ability of the fully nonlinear Boussinesq- type model SERR1D (Cienfuegos et al., 2010) to reproduce the complex dynamics of high frequency wave propagation and energy transfer mechanisms that enhance infragravity wave generation in the laboratory.
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    Physical modelling of diversion works for the aysén hydroelectric project Chile
    (2010) Gonzalez, Ricardo; Cienfuegos Carrasco, Rodrigo Alberto; Fernandez J., Bonifacio; Bravo, Jorge; Costas, Carlos; Garces, Octavio
    River diversion characteristics are described for the proposed sites of the Baker 1 and Pascua 2.2 hydro plants in Chile. The results from two scaled physical models (1:70 for the Baker river and 1:60 for the Pascua river) are presented here and an evaluation of performance is given for the diversion works and various types of cofferdam.
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    Toward the Classification of Bays Based on Their Resonant Response to Tsunamis
    (2025) Catalán, Patricio A.; Cortés, Pablo I.; Sáez, Francisco; Carvajal, Matías; Cienfuegos Carrasco, Rodrigo Alberto
    Tsunami‐induced resonance has been a topic of significant interest. However, usually the focus isset in understanding the response from either specific or a few events, which may prevent generalization ofwhether strong bathymetric control occurs. Here, 19 locations and 16 tsunamis were analyzed using standardmethods. A set of statistical parameters was introduced to aid in the assessment, leading to the categorization ofbays in terms of their resonant capacities. Next, the morphology of these locations was analyzed to identify thetype of features driving this response. Adding to other well‐known features, it was found that the steepness ofthe headlands defining a bay in planform is relevant in isolating it from surrounding coasts, thereby enhancingits filtering capacity