Browsing by Author "Choi, Kelvin"

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    Inflammatory profiles in Chilean Mapuche and non-Mapuche women with gallstones at risk of developing gallbladder cancer
    (2021) Jackson, Sarah S.; Van De Wyngard, Vanessa; Pfeiffer, Ruth M.; Cook, Paz; Hildesheim, Allan; Pinto, Ligia A.; Jackson, Sharon H.; Choi, Kelvin; Verdugo, Ricardo A.; Cuevas, Mara; Yanez, Cristian; Tobar-Calfucoy, Eduardo; Retamales-Ortega, Rocio; Araya, Juan Carlos; Ferreccio, Catterina; Koshiol, Jill
    Chile has high incidence rates of gallbladder cancer globally, particularly among Amerindian women, who also have a high prevalence of gallstones. We examined differences in inflammatory biomarkers between Mapuche and non-Mapuche women from the Chile Biliary Longitudinal Study, a cohort of women with ultrasound-detected gallstones. We randomly selected 200 Mapuche women frequency matched to non-Mapuche women on age and statin use Inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed using a multiplex assay and linear regression to assess associations of a priori markers (CCL20, CXCL10, IL-6, and IL-8) with ethnicity. Novel biomarkers were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) to identify correlated marker groups, followed by linear regression to examine their association with ethnicity. The mean values of IL-8 were higher in Mapuche than non-Mapuche women (P=0.04), while CCL20, CXCL10, and IL-6 did not differ significantly by ethnicity. EFA revealed two marker groups associated with ethnicity (P=0.03 and P<0.001). SDR analysis confirmed correlation between the biomarkers and ethnicity. We found higher IL-8 levels among Mapuche than non-Mapuche women. Novel inflammatory biomarkers were correlated with ethnicity and should be studied further for their role in gallbladder disease. These findings may elucidate underlying ethnic disparities in gallstones and carcinogenesis among Amerindians.
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    Statin use is not associated with inflammation among Chilean women of Mapuche and non-Mapuche ancestry with gallstones
    (2024) Jackson, Sarah S.; Lex, Marina; Van De Wyngard, Vanessa; Cook, Paz; Hildesheim, Allan; Pinto, Ligia A.; Jackson, Sharon H.; Choi, Kelvin; Minas, Tsion Zewdu; Morales, Hector Fabio Losada; Araya, Juan Carlos; Ferreccio, Catterina; Koshiol, Jill; Pfeiffer, Ruth M.
    Aim: Statins are associated with lower risk of gallstones due to anti-inflammatory effects. We assessed whether statins impact circulating inflammation among Chilean women with gallstones. Materials & methods: 200 Mapuche women were matched on statin use and age to 200 non-Mapuche women in the Chile Biliary Longitudinal Study. We analyzed 92 inflammatory biomarkers using multivariable-adjusted regression models, random forests and pathway analyses. Results: Statins were not significantly associated with any inflammation marker when women were analyzed jointly or stratified by ancestry. No significant associations were found through random forest methods and pathway analyses. Discussion: We did not find significant associations between statin use and inflammation markers in women with gallstones, suggesting that statins do not reduce inflammation once gallstones have formed.