Browsing by Author "Chateau, Bernardita"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Bronchoscopic Findings In Children With Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation
    (2013) Chateau, Bernardita; Astudillo Maggio, Claudia
    Introduction: Prolonged mechanical ventilation through tracheostomy may produce anatomical and functional alterations in the airway.On one hand, mantained positive pressure in the airway may produce dilatation and deformity of the structures, and on the other hand,tracheostomy inadequate care may produce erosion and anomalous cicatrization. Thus, malacia, stenosis, and granuloma have beendescribed as the most frequent alterations in these patients. Objective: Describe bronchoscopic findings in children with prolongedmehanical ventilation, and changes in time. Patients and methods: Retrospective review of reports of all flexible bronchoscopies done inpatients with prolonged mechanical ventilation (defined as more than 30 days of mechanical ventilation) hospitalized in our institution.Results: 91 bronchoscopies realized in 57 patients were analyzed. Of the total, 31 are male, and the median age at procedure was 20.7months (range 4.2-128). All patients have tracheostomy and 53 mechanical ventilation at the time of the procedure. The most frequentendoscopic findings were: 23 malacia of lower airway (tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia), 22 granulomas, and 20 subglottic stenosis invariable degree. Endoscopic control was made in 25 patients, evidencing a reduction of stenosis degree in 4 of them, in 3 a reduction ofmalacia degree, and in 7 appearance of granulomas. Conclusions: The routine bronchoscopic evaluation is essential in the follow up ofpatients with prolonged mechanical ventilation. Injuries in respiratory tract are frequent and must be under surveillance in order to avoidfurther complications.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Litiasis biliar en niños: un estudio clínico-morfológico
    (2003) Harris Diez, Paul Richard; Chateau, Bernardita; Miquel, Juan Francisco; Zavala, Alejandro; Montes, Patricio; Herrera, José Miguel; Zúñiga, Sergio; Larraín, Francisco; Santos, Marcela; Contador, Mónica
    Background: The use of ultrasonography increased the frequency of diagnosis of cholelithiasis in childhood. Aim: To determine the clinical and laboratory features and follow up of children with biliary stones. Patients and methods: Twenty six children (13 male, aged 1 month to 14 years) were prospectively enrolled. Results: Nine children had a past medical history of factors potentially predisposing to stones. A clinical presentation with vomiting (50%), abdominal pain (46%) and jaundice (23%) was the most common indication for surgery. The diagnosis was based on abdominal ultrasound in all children. Cholecystectomy was performed in 15 children (laparoscopy in 13 and open surgery in 2). Children who underwent surgery were older than those who did not undeago surgery (p < 0.001), but they did not have differences in liver function tests. Eight children had pigmented stones and seven had cholesterol stones. Conclusions: In our patients, neither family history nor laboratory tests were useful in the diagnosis as well as hi the clinical decision of surgery, which was based on symptoms. The presence of cholesterol stones in a high proportion of these children may be a unique situation in Chile considering the high prevalence of this disease in the adult population.