Browsing by Author "Ceric, Francisco"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    ADHD children outperform normal children in an artificial grammar implicit learning task: ERP and RT evidence
    (ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2010) Rosas, Ricardo; Ceric, Francisco; Tenorio, Marcela; Mourgues, Catalina; Thibaut, Carolina; Hurtado, Esteban; Teresa Aravena, Maria
    This study focuses on Implicit learning (IL) in children One of the main debates in this field concerns the Occurrence of IL indicators in experimental settings and its manifestation in different populations In this research, we are looking for evidence of the occurrence of IL in normal children and in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). based on the relationship between accuracy. reaction time and event-related potentials (ERPs). Our results show differences between the analyzed groups with respect to markets for electrophysiological activity and reaction time. but not for accuracy In consequence, we Suggest that research in IL should explore different indicators and their relationship with the cognitive processing levels involved In addition, IL might involve different forms of information processing in normal children and children with ADHD. We discuss the possible impact of these findings for future research (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved
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    An Inescapable Cat Odor Exposure Protocol for Studying Innate and Contextual Threat Conditioning in Rats
    (2021) Rodriguez, Maria; Contreras, Marco; Domic-Siede, Marcos; Ceric, Francisco; Torrealba, Fernando
    Animals respond to threatening situations by exhibiting a number of defensive behaviors, including avoidance, freezing, and risk assessment. An animal model with an ethological approach offers a deeper insight into the biological mechanisms underlying threat responses. This paper describes a methodology to measure defensive behaviors toward both innate and learned aversive stimuli in rats. Animals were individually exposed to predator odor in an inescapable chamber to elicit a measurable, sustained, defensive state. The experimental design involved placing a rat in a familiar chamber for 10 min followed by exposure to cat odor for another 10 min in the same context. The next day, the rats were
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    Elucidating the relationship between negative affectivity and symptoms: The role of illness-specific affective responses
    (2007) Mora, Pablo A.; Halm, Ethan; Leventhal, Howard; Ceric, Francisco
    Background. More than 20 years of research confirm a positive association of trait negative affect (NA) with reports of physical symptoms. As the mechanisms underlying the association of trait NA and symptom reporting have not been identified, the meaning of the association remains unclear. Purpose: We attempted to clarify the processes underlying this association by examining the relationship of trait NA and illness-specific worry to both vague, general symptoms and illness-specific symptoms. We tested the hypothesis that trait NA has both a "biasing" effect when ambiguous symptoms are interpreted as a sign of physical illness and an "accuracy" effect on the reports of illnesss-pecific symptoms mediated by illness-specific worry. Method: We examined the relationship of trait and state NA to symptoms reports in both cross-sectional and longitudinal data from inner-city adults with moderate and severe asthma. Results: Whereas high levels of trait NA were associated with reports of both asthma and nonasthma symptoms, only the relationship of trait NA to symptoms specific to asthma was mediated by asthma worry. In addition, these data showed that trait NA was not associated with the misattribution of symptoms to disease. Conclusions: We concluded that NA motivates individuals, through asthma worry, to be more aware of illness-specific symptoms and correctly report and attribute these symptoms to asthma.
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    Evaluating the rapid automatized naming and arithmetical fluency relationship in Chilean first grade students
    (2021) Escobar Torres, José Pablo; Porflitt Becerra, Felipe Ignacio; Ceric, Francisco
    Several studies have shown that Rapid Automatised Naming (RAN) is an important reading predictor. However, it has also been found that RAN is a valid predictor of mathematical performance. This study explores the relationship between RAN, counting and arithmetic fluency in Chilean first graders. A total of 102 participants were evaluated with RAN letters, phonological awareness, counting, arithmetical fluency, inhibition and verbal working memory. Results show moderate correlations between RAN and counting with arithmetical fluency. After controlling for the effect of all the variables, RAN still explains a significant variance of arithmetical fluency. Although the nature of the relationship between RAN and arithmetical fluency is multi-componential, our results only confirm the role of working memory when simultaneous counting is considered in the model. Therefore, RAN is not only an important cognitive variable related to reading processes but also a key one for mathematical skills, especially when they involve a fluency component.
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    Fast route versus slow route: Electrophysiological and behavioural evidences of emotional processing pathways
    (FUNDACION INFANCIA APRENDIZAJE, 2012) Ceric, Francisco
    Research in the area of neurocognitive processing of emotions, indicates the possibility of two segregated pathways in the brain. These correspond to a slow pathway (sensory-thalamic-cortical) and a fast pathway (sensory-thalamic limbic). In the latter, the role of the amygdala would be dominant. This research seeks to assess how it influences the emotional context in the processing of emotional stimuli, specifically to test how these pathways interact with parallel processing, using electrophysiological techniques and recording behaviour in a recognition task of inconsistencies. These results allow us to support the hypothesis of segregated pathways influencing each other to develop a contextualised response. We conclude that, regarding emotions, these guide decision-making and are associated with external events. Given a situation, there is a certain bodily response that contributes to the assessment of a situation, and they are also part of the cognitive process and form the physiological substrate of feelings.
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    Gesture and metaphor comprehension: Electrophysiological evidence of cross-modal coordination by audiovisual stimulation
    (ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2009) Cornejo, Carlos; Simonetti, Franco; Ibanez, Agustin; Aldunate, Nerea; Ceric, Francisco; Lopez, Vladimir; Nunez, Rafael E.
    In recent years, studies have suggested that gestures influence comprehension of linguistic expressions, for example, eliciting an N400 component in response to a speech/gesture mismatch. In this paper, we investigate the role of gestural information in the understanding of metaphors. Event related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while participants viewed video clips of an actor uttering metaphorical expressions and producing bodily gestures that were congruent or incongruent with the metaphorical meaning of such expressions. This modality of stimuli presentation allows a more ecological approach to meaning integration. When ERPs were calculated using gesture stroke as time-lock event, gesture incongruity with metaphorical expression modulated the amplitude of the N400 and of the late positive complex (LPC). This suggests that gestural and speech information are combined online to make sense of the interlocutor's linguistic production in an early stage of metaphor comprehension. Our data favor the idea that meaning construction is globally integrative and highly context-sensitive. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.