Browsing by Author "Cerda, Jaime"
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- ItemAnti-Xa Activity After Enoxaparin Prophylaxis In Hospitalized Patients Weighing Less Than Fifty-Five Kilograms(2013) Rojas Orellana, Luis; Aizman, Andrés; Ernst Diaz, Daniel Matias; Acuña, M. Paz; Moya, Pablo; Mellado Suazo, Rosemarie; Paul Delfau, María de los Ángeles; Cerda, Jaime
- ItemBanding ligation versus sham or no intervention for primary prophylaxis of oesophageal variceal bleeding in children(2015) Gana Ansaldo, Juan Cristóbal; Cifuentes, Lorena; Cerda, Jaime; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Peña Villegas, Alfredo Javier; Rivera Cornejo, M.
- ItemBeta-blockers versus placebo or no intervention for primary prophylaxis of oesophageal varices in children(2015) Gana Ansaldo, Juan Cristóbal; Cifuentes, Lorena; Cerda, Jaime; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Peña Villegas, Alfredo Javier; Torres‐Robles, Romina
- ItemCaracterísticas clínicas asociadas a colitis eosinofílica en lactantes con rectorragia persistente(2014) Romero, Bernardita; Talesnik Guendelman, Eduardo; Cerda, Jaime; Harris D., Paul R.
- Item¿Cómo reciben los padres la noticia del diagnóstico de su hijo con síndrome de Down?(2013) Paul Delfau, María de los Ángeles; Cerda, Jaime; Correa, Catalina; Lizama C., Macarena
- ItemDescripción clínica y epidemiológica de la infección por Clostridium difficile en población pediátrica(2015) Maccioni, Andrea; Cerda, Jaime; Terrazas, Claudia; Abarca Villaseca, Katia
- ItemExtensión del postnatal parental en Chile : beneficios y determinantes en su implementación, revisión narrativa y recomendaciones para Chile.(2019) Bravo Dañobeitia, Marco Felipe; Cerda, Jaime; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de MedicinaObjetivo: Los objetivos de esta investigación fueron sintetizar la evidencia científica de la experiencia de cada país OCDE en cuanto a los beneficios en la salud de los padres y los hijos relacionada con el permiso postnatal parental. Posterior a esto, analizar las principales fortalezas, oportunidades, debilidades y amenazas en la implementación de la extensión de un postnatal extendido en Chile, recogiendo la información de la literatura, así como el abordaje local entregado por expertos. Y finalmente levantar recomendaciones para propuesta formal de extensión de postnatal parental en Chile. Método: El método utilizado fue el de una revisión narrativa de la literatura de tipo panorámica en la cuál se clasificaron las experiencias de cada país de la OCDE en relación al postnatal parental y sus resultados en salud en el padre, la madre y los hijos. Además, para complementar, se incluyeron 3 entrevistas semiestructuradas a agentes claves para abordar su visión en relación a situación del país en relación al mundo, barreras, oportunidades y recomendaciones para Chile en cuanto a levantar una propuesta de extensión del postnatal parental. Resultados: La evidencia de la literatura fue amplia en relación a beneficios en la salud del postnatal parental, tanto para ambos padres, como para los hijos. Sin embargo, dentro de las limitaciones de la investigación, no se realizó evaluación de la calidad de los estudios incorporados en esta revisión, por lo que sería interesante evaluar este aspecto en una futura investigación. En cuanto a las entrevistas, existen muchas barreras de momento que superan con creces las oportunidades, por lo que no parece factible actualmente extender el postnatal más allá de lo que se cuenta actualmente. Conclusiones: Existe amplia evidencia que aborda los resultados en salud del postnatal parental y que mientras más extendido sea, mayor es el beneficio, sin embargo, las barreras en nuestro país parecen ser muchas, en especial en términos culturales, laborales, políticos y legales. A raíz de esto, es que este documento intenta levantar recomendaciones que puedan contribuir desde una mirada de equidad en salud a extender el postnatal parental, y de esta manera generar mayores oportunidades de las que ya existen para lograr reducir la brecha que generan las barreras anteriormente mencionadas.
- ItemHigher latitude and lower solar radiation influence on anaphylaxis in Chilean children(2014) Hoyos Bachiloglu, Rodrigo Andrés; Morales Matamala, Pamela Soledad; Cerda, Jaime; Talesnik Guendelman, Eduardo; González Vicente, Gilberto; Camargo, C.; Borzutzky Schachter, Arturo
- ItemIncreased urinary glucocorticoid metabolites are associated with metabolic syndrome, hypoadiponectinemia, insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2011) Baudrand, Rene; Campino, Carmen; Carvajal, Cristian A.; Olivieri, Oliviero; Guidi, Giancesare; Faccini, Giovanni; Sateler, Javiera; Cornejo, Javiera; San Martin, Betty; Dominguez, Jose M.; Cerda, Jaime; Mosso, Lorena M.; Owen, Gareth I.; Kalergis, Alexis M.; Fardella, Carlos E.Metabolic syndrome (MetS) may have increased cortisol (F) production caused by 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11 beta-HSD1) in liver and adipose tissue and/or by HPA axis dysregulation. F is then mainly metabolized by liver reductases into inactive tetrahydrometabolites (THMs). We measured THM levels in patients with or without MetS and evaluate the correlation between THMs and anthropometric and biochemical parameters. We recruited 221 subjects, of whom 130 had MetS by ATP III. We evaluated F, cortisone (E), adipokines, glucose, insulin and lipid profiles as well as urinary (24 h) F. E and THM levels. beta Cell function was estimated by the HOMA Calculator. We observed that patients with MetS showed higher levels of THMs, HOMA-IR and leptin and lower levels of adiponectin and HOMA-beta but no differences in F and E in plasma or urine. THM was associated with weight (r = +0.44, p < 0,001), waist circumference (r = +0.38, p < 0.01). glycemia (r = +0.37, p < 0.01), and triglycerides (r = +0.18, p = 0.06) and negatively correlated with adiponectin (r = -0.36, p < 0.001), HOMA-beta (r = -0.21, p < 0.001) and HDL (r = -0.29, p < 0.01). In a logistic regression model, THM levels were associated with hypertension, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. We conclude that MetS is associated with increased urinary THMs but not with F and E levels in plasma or urine. Increased levels of THM, reflecting the daily cortisol production subsequently metabolized, are correlated with hypoadiponectinemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction. A subtle increased in glucocorticoid production may further account for the phenotypic and biochemical similarities observed in central obesity and Cushing's syndrome. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- ItemInfección del sitio quirúrgico en niños sometidos a cirugía cardíaca con cierre esternal diferido. Estudio de casos y controles(2016) Retamal, Javiera; Becker Rencoret, Pedro Antonio; González Foretic, Rodrigo Vicente; Ferrés Garrido, Marcela Viviana; Cerda, Jaime; Riquelme, María I.; Pérez, R.; Clavería Rodríguez, Cristian
- ItemInfecciones asociadas a la atención en salud (IAAS) en pacientes pediátricos post-operados de cardiopatías congénitas(2014) Barriga, J.; Cerda, Jaime; Abarca Villaseca, Katia; Ferrés Garrido, Marcela Viviana; Fajuri, P.; Riquelme, M.; Carrillo, D.; Clavería Rodríguez, Cristian
- ItemInsulin resistance and liver histopathology in metabolically unhealthy subjects do not correlate with the hepatic abundance of NLRP3 inflammasome nor circulating IL-1β levels(2021) Quezada Sanhueza, Nicolás; Valencia, Ilse; Torres, Javiera; Maturana, Gregorio; Cerda, Jaime; Arab Verdugo, Juan Pablo; Fuentes, Juan José; Pinto, Claudio; Turiel, Dannae; Cortes Mora, Víctor AntonioIntroduction Systemic chronic low-grade inflammation has been linked to insulin resistance (IR) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and its final product, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, exert detrimental effects on insulin sensitivity and promote liver inflammation in murine models. Evidence linking hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome, systemic IR and NASH has been scarcely explored in humans. Herein, we correlated the hepatic abundance of NLRP3 inflammasome components and IR and NASH in humans.||Research design and methods Metabolically healthy (MH) (n=11) and metabolically unhealthy (MUH) (metabolic syndrome, n=21, and type 2 diabetes, n=14) subjects were recruited. Insulin sensitivity (homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) and Oral Glucose Sensitivity (OGIS(120))), glycemic (glycated hemoglobin), and lipid parameters were determined by standard methods. Plasma cytokines were quantified by Magpix. Hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome components were determined at the mRNA and protein levels by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot, respectively. Liver damage was assessed by histological analysis (Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Activity Score (NAS) and Steatosis, Inflammatory Activity, and Fibrosis (SAF) scores). IR and liver histopathology were correlated with NLRP3 inflammasome components as well as with liver and plasma IL-1 beta levels.||Results Body Mass Index, waist circumference, and arterial hypertension frequency were significantly higher in MUH subjects. These patients also had increased high-sensitivity C reactive protein levels compared with MH subjects. No differences in the plasma levels of IL-1 beta nor the hepatic content of Nlrp3, apoptosis-associated speck-like (Asc), Caspase-1, and IL-1 beta were detected between MUH and MH individuals. MUH subjects had significantly higher NAS and SAF scores, indicating more severe liver damage. However, histological severity did not correlate with the hepatic content of NLRP3 inflammasome components nor IL-1 beta levels.||Conclusion Our results suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is linked neither to IR nor to the inflammatory status of the liver in MUH patients.
- ItemModification of pertussis vaccination schedule in Chile, immunization of special groups and control strategies. Commentary from the Consultive Committee of Immunizations of The Chilean Society of Infectious Diseases(SOC CHILENA INFECTOLOGIA, 2012) Potin, Marcela; Cerda, Jaime; Contreras, Lily; Munoz, Alma; Ripoll, Erna; Vergara, RodrigoIn Chile, an increased number of notifications of cases of whooping cough was detected at the beginning of October 2010, and maintained through 2012. Accumulated cases during 2011 were 2,581 (15.0 per 100,000), which is greater than the number of cases registered during the period 2008-2010 (2,460 cases). On the other hand, the local sanitary authority introduced a modification of pertussis vaccination schedule (starting 2012), which consists in the replacement of the second booster of pertussis vaccine (DTwP, administered to 4-year-old children) as well as diphtheria-tetanus toxoid (dT, administered to second grade scholars) for an acellular pertussis vaccine with reduced antigenic content (dTpa), which will be administrated to first grade scholars. The Consultive Committee of Immunizations considers that the modification is adequate, since it extends the age of protection, reducing at least in theory the infection in older scholars and adolescents who are significant sources of transmission of Bordetella pertussis to infants using an adequate vaccine formulation (acellular pertussis vaccine). The available evidence regarding vaccination in special groups (adolescents and adults, health-care workers and pregnant women) and cocooning strategy are commented.
- ItemNiños y adolescentes con necesidades especiales de atención en salud: prevalencia hospitalaria y riesgos asociados(SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2012) Carlos Flores, Juan; Carrillo, Daniela; Karzulovic, Lorena; Cerda, Jaime; Araya, Gabriela; Soledad Matus, Maria; Llevenes, Guillermo; Menchaca, Gonzalo; Vargas, Nelson A.Background: "Children with special health care needs" (CSHCN) is a novel definition for pediatric patients with chronic diseases, adopted by the Chilean Pediatric Society in 2008. As life expectancy in Chile increases, prevalence of CSHCN is progressively growing, leading to higher health costs. Aim: To describe the epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics of hospitalized CSHCN, and compare the risk assessment of adverse events during hospitalization using two definitions for CSHCN. Patients and Methods: A cohort of hospitalized CSHCN in a Pediatric Center at Santiago, Chile, was followed from September to December 2009. Clinical and demographic data were registered in a database, including admission to intensive care unit (ICU), nosocomial infections and prolonged hospitalization (> 7 days). Incidence ratios for these events were compared between CSHCN and non-CSHCN, and between children attended by three or more health care professionals (CSHCN-3) and non-CSHCN. Results: Nine hundred twenty patients were included (54% male), with a median age 14 months (0-221) and median days of hospitalization 4 days (1-229). Prevalence of CSHCN was 60.8% of hospitalized children. When using CSHCN definition and comparing with non-CSHCN, no excess of risk was documented. On the other hand, prevalence of CSHCN-3 was 19.9%. Compared to non-CSHCN, these patients had a higher risk of ICU admission (relative risk (RR) 1.58; 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.22-2.05; p < 0.01), nosocomial infections (RR 2.28; 95% CI = 1.54-3.39; p < 0.001) and prolonged hospitalization (RR 1.99; 95% CI = 1.52-2.60; p < 0.001). Conclusions: One in five hospitalized children met CSHCN-3 definition. These patients had an increased risk of adverse events during their hospitalization compared to non-CSHCN. (Rev Med Chile 2012; 140: 458-465).
- ItemUna nueva forma para encontrar evidencia de manera rápida y eficiente(2014) Rada G., Gabriel; Neumann Burotto, Gonzalo Ignacio; Cerda, Jaime
- ItemOdds ratio: aspectos teoricos y practicos(2013) Cerda, Jaime; Vera Pérez-Gacitúa, Claudio Mauricio; Rada G., Gabriel
- ItemOne Health in Practice: A Pilot Project for Integrated Care of Zoonotic Infections in Immunocompromised Children and Their Pets in Chile(2016) Peña Donati, Anamaría; Abarca Villaseca, Katia; Weitzel, T.; Gallegos J.; Cerda, Jaime; García Cañete, Patricia; López, J.
- ItemOverexpression of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in visceral adipose tissue and portal hypercortisolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(WILEY, 2012) Candia, Roberto; Riquelme, Arnoldo; Baudrand, Rene; Carvajal, Cristian A.; Morales, Mauricio; Solis, Nancy; Pizarro, Margarita; Escalona, Alex; Carrasco, Gonzalo; Boza, Camilo; Perez, Gustavo; Padilla, Oslando; Cerda, Jaime; Fardella, Carlos E.; Arrese, MarcoBackground: The enzyme 11 beta-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase type 1 (11 beta HSD1) catalyses the reactivation of intracellular cortisol. We explored the potential role of 11 beta-HSD1 overexpression in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) assessing sequential changes of enzyme expression, in hepatic and adipose tissue, and the occurrence of portal hypercortisolism in obese mice. 11 beta-HSD1 expression was also assessed in tissues from obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Methods: Peripheral and portal corticosterone levels and liver histology were assessed in ob/ob mice at two time points (8-12 weeks of age). 11 beta-HSD1 tissue expression was assessed in by RT-pcr in ob/ob mice and in 49 morbidly obese patients. Results: Portal corticosterone serum levels were higher in obese mice with a 26% decrease between 8 and 12 weeks of age (controls: 78.3 +/- 19.7 ng/ml, 8-week-old ob/ob: 167.5 +/- 14.5 ng/ml and 12-week-old ob/ob: 124.3 +/- 28 ng/ml, P < 0.05). No significant differences were found in peripheral corticosterone serum levels. Expression of 11b-HSD1 was lower in the liver [-45% at 8 weeks and -35% at 12-weeks (P = 0.0001)] and highly overexpressed in VAT in obese mice, compared to controls (128-fold higher in 8-week-old ob/ob and 41-fold higher in 12-week-old ob/ob, P < 0.01). No significant differences were seen in the expression of 11 beta-HSD1 in subcutaneous adipose tissue. In multivariate analysis, human 11 beta-HSD1 expression in VAT (OR: 1.385 +/- 1.010-1.910) was associated with NAFLD. Conclusion: Murine NAFLD is associated with portal hypercortisolism and 11 beta-HSD1 overexpression in VAT. In humans, 11 beta-HSD1 VAT expression was associated with the presence of NAFLD. Thus, local corticosteroid production in VAT may contribute to NAFLD pathogenesis.
- ItemPostoperative adjuvant treatment for gastric cancer improves long-tenn survival after curative resection and D2 lymphadenectomy. Results from a Latin American Center(2016) Norero Muñoz, Enrique; Bustos Carrasco, Marisa Orietta; Herrera, M.; Cerda, Jaime; González, P.; Ceroni Villanelo, Marco; Martínez Belmar, Cristian Antonio; Briceño, Eduardo; Rojas Romero, Hernán Humberto; Cartes, R.; López, V.; Hidalgo, V.; Báez, S.; Caracci, M.; Viñuela, E.; Díaz, A.
- ItemPrevalencia de la infección por Helicobacter pylori en niños : estimando la edad de adquisición(2013) Jaime Méndez, María Francisca; Villagrán, Andrea; Serrano Honeyman, Carolina; Cerda, Jaime; Harris D., Paul R.; Jaime Méndez, María Francisca; Villagrán, Andrea; Serrano Honeyman, Carolina; Cerda, Jaime; Harris D., Paul R.