Browsing by Author "Carvacho, Raffaela"

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    Cuidar a los que cuidan: Experiencias de cuidadores informales de personas mayores dependientes en contexto COVID-19
    (2021) Aracena Álvarez, Marcela; Balladares, Jaime; Carvacho, Raffaela; Basualto, Patricia; Coli Acevedo, Jazmin; Molina Garzón, Mónica; Catalán, Loreto; Gray-Gariazzo, Nora
    La pandemia COVID ha tenido consecuencias catastróficas a nivel mundial en diversos ámbitos: salud, educación, vivienda, entre otras. Una de ellas fue revelar la fragilidad de los sistemas de protección social en países latinoamericanos, plasmada en la falta de mecanismos alternativos para atender las complejas demandas que la pandemia trajo. Respecto de los sistemas de salud, todos sus esfuerzos se han concentrado en pacientes COVID-19, relegando a aquellos adultos (mayores) dependientes quienes solían recibir atención complementaria en sus hogares. Este hecho, ha provocado un gran estrés en sus cuidadores informales y familia en general. La presente investigación analizó las percepciones, desafíos y expectativas de cuidadores informales en el contexto de pandemia. Se realizaron 12 entrevistas semiestructuradas online durante seis meses. La información analizada mediante los principios de la Teoría Fundada muestra que el periodo ha sido particularmente negativo para los cuidadores a nivel de oferta de servicios públicos de apoyo y organización familiar, además de incrementar la percepción de abandono y vulnerabilidad de estos. Se discute en torno a la necesidad de desarrollar políticas públicas específicas para este grupo.
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    Predictors of Unmet Needs in Chilean Older People with Dependency: A Cross-Sectional Study
    (2023) Carvacho, Raffaela; Carrasco, Marcela; Fernández, María Beatriz; Miranda-Castillo, Claudia
    Approximately one in five Chilean older adults has some degree of dependency. Limited evidence is available on self-perceived needs in Latin-American older people. The main aim of this study was to identify predictors of unmet needs of dependent older persons without cognitive impairment, considering personal and primary informal caregivers’ factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 77 dyads of older people with dependency and their caregivers. A survey was administered, evaluating sociodemographic characteristics, anxious and depressive symptomatology, health-related quality of life, and social support. Older people’s self-reported met and unmet needs and caregivers’ burden and self-efficacy were also assessed. To determine predictors of unmet needs, a multiple regression analysis was carried out. Most participants had mild to moderate levels of dependency. The most frequent unmet needs were “daytime activities” (33.8%), “company” (23.4%), “benefits” (23.4%), and “psychological distress” (24.7%). Older people’s higher level of dependency and anxious symptomatology were predictors of a higher number of unmet needs, with a model whose predictive value was 31%. The high prevalence of anxious symptomatology and its relationship with the presence of unmet needs highlight the importance of making older people’s psychological and social needs visible and addressing them promptly.