Browsing by Author "Carrasco, S."

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    An evaluation of the photochemical air quality modeling using CMAQ in the industrial area of Quintero-Puchuncavi-Concon, Chile
    (2022) Pino-Cortes, E.; Carrasco, S.; Acosta, J.; de Almeida Albuquerque, T.T.; Pedruzzi, R.; Diaz-Robles, L.A.
    © 2022 Turkish National Committee for Air Pollution Research and ControlThe air pollution has impacted for years the population and the ecosystem in the industrial area located in Quintero, Puchuncavi, and Concon counties, the coastal area of Central Chile. In this study, we used the WRF-SMOKE-CMAQ model system to evaluate the photochemical modeling of PM10, PM2.5, and O3. The industrial and the residential wood combustion sources were the main contributors of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and volatile organic compounds. The small diurnal temperature cycle, the high relative humidity and the low wind speed profiles exposed the meteorological condition of the coastal lows during the period of analysis. The daily average concentrations for PM10 and PM2.5 ranged from 24.03 to 50.10 μg/m3 and 15.60–21.95 μg/m3 for observed registries; meanwhile, the simulated results were in the range of 22.71–40.62 μg/m3 and 5.49–17.29 μg/m3, respectively. The omission of missing sources in the emission inventory and the default values in the boundary condition could be one of the reasons on the underprediction obtained. The best performance for O3 occurred in the Quintero and Sur stations, located near industrial sources with high NOx and VOC emissions. In the industrial complex, PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were 10–30 μg/m3 lower when the industrial emissions were shut down and a negligible difference was observed when the residential wood combustion emissions were not considered. Future air quality modeling must be performed in the same region for other periods like the Summer season. Also, the emission inventory from all sources needs to be accurate with more accurate temporal profiles.
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    ¿Cuánto importa el dinero en política? Un análisis a partir de la reforma del gasto electoral en Chile (2013-2017)
    (Springer, 2023) Carrasco, S.; Cabezas, J.M.; Perez, R.
    © 2023 Universidad Adolfo Ibanez. All rights reserved.In recent years, different cases of corruption and irregular financing of politics in Chile have led to a change in the rules for financing electoral campaigns. New legislation lowered the limit on campaign spending in popular election and generating multiple effects on the electoral landscape, incentives for voters, candidates, as well as on the strategic coordination of each political parties. The article uses this change in public policy to estimate the effect of spending on the electoral performance of the candidates for Deputies in Chile. An original database was prepared, with information on all the candidates for deputies for the 2013 and 2017 electoral campaigns and at the commune level (n = 13,378). Then, a quantitative design with instrumental variables was applied. The results indicate that a decrease in the electoral spending limit affects the electoral performance of the candidates, reducing the percentage of votes obtained.
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    Imaging artifacts in MRI simulators
    (2011) Carrasco, S.; Huete, Isidro; Zunino, R.
    Artifactual images are created in the process of imaging. They are images that distort reality, i.e. they do not correspond to the image but they arise from them and are false. This paper describes image artifacts in MR that can lead to misdiagnosis, analyzes their causes and reviews the most common imaging artifacts.
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