Browsing by Author "Cardenas, Manuel"

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    Direct and Indirect Effects of Perceived Stigma on Posttraumatic Growth in Gay Men and Lesbian Women in Chile
    (2018) Cardenas, Manuel; Barrientos, Jaime; Meyer, Ilan; Gomez, Fabiola; Guzman, Monica; Bahamondes, Joaquin
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    Health and wellbeing of sexual minorities
    (SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2017) Barrientos, Jaime; Gomez, Fabiola; Cardenas, Manuel; Guzman, Monica; Bahamondes, Joaquin
    Background: Most of the information in Chile about health and wellbeing of sexual minorities refers to risk behaviors. Aim: To assess health and wellbeing in a sample of Chilean homosexual men and women. Material and Methods: Spanish versions of the Satisfaction With Life Scale and Outcome Questionnaire-45 (OQ-45) were answered by 191 homosexual women and 256 homosexual men aged 18 to 67 years, from four Chilean cities. Results: Lesbian women have better levels of satisfaction with life and adjustment in personal relationships than homosexual men. Eight percent of respondents had suicidal thoughts in some moment of their life. Conclusions: The information gathered in this work could help in the development of mental health policies for sexual minorities.
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    Numbing the perception of stigma: system justification decreases psychological distress by reducing perceived stigma among gay men and lesbians (Adormeciendo la percepcion del estigma: la justificacion del sistema disminuye el malestar psicologico mediante la reduccion del estigma percibido entre gays y lesbianas)
    (2020) Bahamondes, Joaquin; Gomez, Fabiola; Barrientos, Jaime; Cardenas, Manuel; Guzman-Gonzalez, Monica
    System justification theory posits that perceiving society as fair and legitimate provides palliative benefits to people who endorse such beliefs. Despite mixed evidence among socially disadvantaged groups, recent evidence shows that members of disadvantaged groups minimize perceptions of discrimination in order to reap palliative benefits. We tested this hypothesis in a sample of gay men and lesbians in Chile (N = 467). Specifically, we examined the effects of system justification on psychological distress, and the mediating role of perceived sexual stigma. As expected, system justification was negatively associated with psychological distress via minimizing perceptions of sexual stigma towards the in-group. Our study replicates previous results, and unveils a soporific mechanism of system-justifying beliefs: that of providing palliative benefits to sexual minorities' well-being by minimizing perceptions of their in-group as target of sexual stigma. Considerations for the well-being and status of sexual minorities and their unwitting compliance with heteronormativity are further discussed.
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    Romantic Attachment and Relationship Satisfaction in Gay Men and Lesbians in Chile
    (2020) Guzman-Gonzalez, Monica; Barrientos, Jaime; Gomez, Fabiola; Meyer, Ilan H.; Bahamondes, Joaquin; Cardenas, Manuel
    Attachment theory has proven to be a solid framework for understanding couple bonds, but research focused on same-sex relationships among gay men and lesbian women from Latin America remains limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between romantic attachment and relationship satisfaction in a sample of Chilean gay men and lesbian women. A snowball sampling was used. The final sample consisted of 259 individuals involved in a same-sex couple relationship, ranging from 18 to 66 years of age (M = 27.2, SD = 6.8) for gay men and 18 to 57 years of age (M = 28.6, SD = 8.1) for lesbian women. Our hypotheses were partially supported, as there was a negative association between attachment avoidance and relationship satisfaction, but not between attachment anxiety and relationship satisfaction. We did not find a gender moderating effect. These findings may contribute to the understanding of lesbian and gay people in a same-sex couples relationship from an attachment theory perspective.