Browsing by Author "Bustos Gallardo, Beatriz"

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    A sea uprooted: islandness and political identity on Chiloe Island, Chile
    (2019) Bustos Gallardo, Beatriz; Román Castillo, Alvaro Javier
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    From crisis to stability and back again: the fragility of environmental governance in the Chilean salmon industry
    (ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2021) Bustos Gallardo, Beatriz; Irarrazaval, Felipe
    In the last two decades, the 2008 Infectious Salmon Anemia (ISA) virus and the 2016 algal blooms crises have placed the Chilean salmon industry at risk and tested the capacity of its governance mechanisms to solve environmental and economic contradictions and ensure the industry's continuity and its sustainability. Although in the 2008 crisis the state redefined mechanisms of property, control and access to natural resources to strengthen the resilience of the salmon industry, the lessons learned by the system and the community between one crisis and the next were not enough to avoid a new crisis. Chile's existing governance mechanisms are reactive and not proactive and, therefore, their capacity to lead the industry towards long-term sustainable practices is flawed.
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    From crisis to stability and back again: the fragility of environmental governance in the Chilean salmon industry
    (2021) Bustos Gallardo, Beatriz; Irarrázaval Irarrázaval, Felipe Andres
    In the last two decades, the 2008 Infectious Salmon Anemia (ISA) virus and the 2016 algal blooms crises have placed the Chilean salmon industry at risk and tested the capacity of its governance mechanisms to solve environmental and economic contradictions and ensure the industry's continuity and its sustainability. Although in the 2008 crisis the state redefined mechanisms of property, control and access to natural resources to strengthen the resilience of the salmon industry, the lessons learned by the system and the community between one crisis and the next were not enough to avoid a new crisis. Chile's existing governance mechanisms are reactive and not proactive and, therefore, their capacity to lead the industry towards long-term sustainable practices is flawed.
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    Global Salmon Networks: Unpacking Ecological Contradictions at the Production Stage
    (2019) Irarrázaval Irarrázaval, Felipe Andres; Bustos Gallardo, Beatriz
    Firms’ strategies for turning nature into commodities are heavily oriented toward reducing the ecological indeterminacy of the production process by controlling its biophysical properties to ensure that nature commodification leads to a profitable business. However, research on global production networks (GPNs) has not focused on firms’ strategies in controlling the impacts of biophysical properties on the production network’s organization. This article aims to fill this gap by reviewing the literature on GPN and resource geographies on nature’s transformation into commodities to show how, in resource-based industries, ecological contradictions establish the territorial embeddedness and value dynamics of the production network. This article empirically examines the production of Atlantic salmon in Chile and how firms’ strategies for handling the ecological contradictions after an economic crisis (infectious salmon anemia virus crisis) changed the spatial production network’s organization and constrained the value-creation process. The results of this work aid in the understanding of firms’ strategies at the production stage as drivers of the continuities and changes in production networks. Finally, the connection between value dynamics and ecological contradictions opens a set of challenges to this research agenda.
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    Global Salmon Networks: Unpacking Ecological Contradictions at the Production Stage
    (2019) Irarrázaval Irarrázaval, Felipe Andres; Bustos Gallardo, Beatriz
    Firms’ strategies for turning nature into commodities are heavily oriented toward reducing the ecological indeterminacy of the production process by controlling its biophysical properties to ensure that nature commodification leads to a profitable business. However, research on global production networks (GPNs) has not focused on firms’ strategies in controlling the impacts of biophysical properties on the production network’s organization. This article aims to fill this gap by reviewing the literature on GPN and resource geographies on nature’s transformation into commodities to show how, in resource-based industries, ecological contradictions establish the territorial embeddedness and value dynamics of the production network. This article empirically examines the production of Atlantic salmon in Chile and how firms’ strategies for handling the ecological contradictions after an economic crisis (infectious salmon anemia virus crisis) changed the spatial production network’s organization and constrained the value-creation process. The results of this work aid in the understanding of firms’ strategies at the production stage as drivers of the continuities and changes in production networks. Finally, the connection between value dynamics and ecological contradictions opens a set of challenges to this research agenda.
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    Neoliberalismo y gobernanza territorial: propuestas y reflexiones a partir del caso de Chile
    (2019) Bustos Gallardo, Beatriz; Lukas, Michael; Stamm, Caroline Andre; Torre, André
    El artículo analiza la gobernanza y sus nuevos mecanismos desde la perspectiva de la economía política espacial, en el caso de Chile, abordando tres dimensiones clave: los contextos y proyectos socio-políticos, los dispositivos de territorialización y re-escalamiento, y las técnicas, prácticas e instrumentos de intervención territorial. Después de una revisión teórica y contextual, el articulo presenta dos casos de mecanismos de gobernanza territorial: la Mesa del Salmón (región de Los Lagos) y CREO Antofagasta (región de Antofagasta), demostrando que estos mecanismos no nacen para resolver problemas de fondo del proyecto neoliberal o repensar los territorios de forma colectiva, sino para dar continuidad al modelo de producción imperante y restaurar la legitimidad de sectores y empresas extractivistas, en situación de crisis. Concluye sobre la necesidad de dejar una mirada neutra y avanzar hacia una lectura crítica de la gobernanza que considere, en el análisis, el contexto y las relaciones de poder.
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    “Throwing Money into the Sea”: Capitalism as a World-ecological System. Evidence from the Chilean Salmon Industry Crisis, 2008
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2016) Bustos Gallardo, Beatriz; Irarrázaval Irarrázaval, Felipe