Browsing by Author "Brinkmann, Karin"

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    Deficiencia severa de vitamina D en niños de Punta Arenas, Chile : influencia de estado nutricional en la respuesta a suplementación
    (2015) Brinkmann, Karin; Le Roy, Catalina; Iñiguez, Germán; Borzutzky Schachter, Arturo
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    Frequency of Familial Hyperaldosteronism Type 1 in a Hypertensive Pediatric Population Clinical and Biochemical Presentation
    (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2011) Aglony, Marlene; Martinez Aguayo, Alejandro; Carvajal, Cristian A.; Campino, Carmen; Garcia, Hernan; Bancalari, Rodrigo; Bolte, Lillian; Avalos, Carolina; Loureiro, Carolina; Trejo, Pamela; Brinkmann, Karin; Giadrosich, Vinka; Mericq, Veronica; Rocha, Ana; Avila, Alejandra; Perez, Viviana; Inostroza, Andrea; Fardella, Carlos E.
    Familial hyperaldosteronism type 1 is an autosomal dominant disorder attributed to a chimeric CYP11B1/CYP11B2 gene (CG). Its prevalence and manifestation in the pediatric population has not been established. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of familial hyperaldosteronism type 1 in Chilean hypertensive children and to describe their clinical and biochemical characteristics. We studied 130 untreated hypertensive children (4 to 16 years old). Blood samples for measuring plasma potassium, serum aldosterone, plasma renin activity, aldosterone/renin ratio, and DNA were collected. The detection of CG was performed using long-extension PCR. We found 4 (3.08%) of 130 children with CG who belonged to 4 unrelated families. The 4 patients with CG had very high aldosterone/renin ratio (49 to 242). In addition, we found 4 children and 5 adults who were affected among 21 first-degree relatives. Of the 8 affected children, 6 presented severe hypertension, 1 presented prehypertension, and 1 presented normotension. High serum aldosterone levels (> 17.7 ng/dL) were detected in 6 of 8 subjects (range: 18.6 to 48.4 ng/dL) and suppressed plasma renin activity (<= 0.5 ng/mL per hour) and high aldosterone/renin ratio (> 10) in 8 of 8 children (range: 49 to 242). Hypokalemia was observed in only 1 of 8 children. We demonstrated that the prevalence of familial hyperaldosteronism type 1 in a pediatric hypertensive pediatric population was surprisingly high. We found a high variability in the clinical and biochemical characteristics of the affected patients, which suggests that familial hyperaldosteronism type 1 is a heterogeneous disease with a wide spectrum of presentations even within the same family group. (Hypertension. 2011;57:1117-1121.). Online Data Supplement
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    Weekly Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent Acute Respiratory Infections in Young Children at Different Latitudes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    (2024) Reyes, Maria Loreto; Vizcaya, Cecilia; Le Roy, Catalina; Loureiro, Carolina; Brinkmann, Karin; Campos, Laura; Arancibia, Monica; Iturriaga, Carolina; Perez-Mateluna, Guillermo; Rojas-McKenzie, Maite; Dominguez, Gonzalo; Camargo Jr, Carlos A.; Borzutzky, Arturo
    Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of weekly vitamin D supplementation in reducing the number of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in preschool children. Study design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 303 children aged 1.5-3.5 years from 2014 to 2105 in 3 Chilean cities at different latitudes: Santiago (33 degrees S, n = 101), Talcahuano (37 degrees S, n = 103), and Punta Arenas (53 degrees S, n = 99). Participants were allocated (1:1:1) to receive placebo, cholecalciferol (vitamin D3 (VD3)) 5600 IU/week (low-dose), or 11 200 IU/week (high-dose) for 6 months. Primary outcome was parent-reported number of ARI; secondary outcomes included number of ARI hospitalizations, change of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and LL-37/cathelicidin levels, and adverse events. Results: The mean age of participants was 26 +/- 6 months; 45% were female. Baseline 25(OH)D was 24.9 +/- 6.1 ng/ml, with 23% having 25(OH)D <20 ng/ml. No significant baseline clinical or laboratory differences were observed among groups. Overall, 64% (n = 194) completed study participation, without baseline differences between subjects lost to follow-up vs those completing participation or differences in completion rates across groups. After 6 months, a dose-dependent increase in serum 25(OH)D was observed from the VD3 intervention (P < .001), with a higher proportion of subjects ending the trial with 25(OH)D <20 ng/ml in the placebo group (30.8%) vs the low-dose (7.4%) and high-dose groups (5.1%). However, no group differences were observed in number of ARI (P = .85), ARI hospitalizations (P = .20), LL-37/cathelicidin change (P = .30), or adverse events (P = .41). Conclusions: While weekly VD3 supplementation, in doses equivalent to 800 IU and 1600 IU daily, was associated with improved 25(OH)D levels in preschoolers, we did not find a reduced number of ARI in this sample.