Browsing by Author "Bonomelli De Pinaga, Claudia María"

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    Absorption and distribution of calcium (Ca-45) applied to the surface of orange (Citrus sinensis) fruits at different developmental stages
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2022) Bonomelli De Pinaga, Claudia María; Fernandez, Victoria; Capurro Marín, Franco Adolfo; Palma Soler, Carola Paz; Videla, Ximena; Rojas Silva, Ximena; Nario, Adriana; Martiz Martiz, Johanna Paola
    In this study, the rate of absorption and transport of calcium (Ca) in orange fruits (Citrus sinensis cv. Fukumoto) after surface treatment with Ca-45 was evaluated by supplying treatments at different dates between fruit set and mid-phase II of growth (i.e., 30, 44, 66 and 99 days after full bloom, DAFB). Ca-45 absorption was always detected, but Ca-45 application at the fruit set was associated with the highest rates of Ca transport into the pulp (39%) compared to the other treatments (17-19%). Scanning electron microscopy SEM) images of the fruit surface showed the occurrence of stomata along with the entire rind at all the developmental stages evaluated. However, from the beginning of stage I, stomata began to collapse and develop plugs, and this became frequent as the fruit age increased. From 44 DAFB, oil gland density increased, and Ca oxalates (CaOx) were found in the fruit flavedo and albedo. Fruit Ca (not labeled) concentration increased from fruit set (30 DAFB) to 99 DAFB, although oil gland formation and rind growth and differentiation likely hindered Ca transport to internal fruit tissues (pulp). The total Ca concentration in the pedicel was always higher than that in the fruit, with no differences between the first three treatments. The information obtained in this study may be essential for improving Ca fertilizer efficacy in citrus by spray applications.
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    Effect of three boron concentrations in soil on growth and physiology in sweet cherry trees
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023) Arredondo Reyes Gerardo Alejandro; Bonomelli De Pinaga, Claudia María
    Boron (B) is an essential element for plants. B availability depends on the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil and the quality of irrigation water. Under natural conditions, both toxic and deficit concentrations can occur and should be managed for crop production. However, the range between deficiency and toxicity is narrow. The objective of this study was to determine the response of cherry trees to deficient (0.04 mg kg(-1)), adequate (1.1 mg kg(-1)), and toxic (3.75 mg kg(-1)) B concentrations in the soil by measuring growth, biomass, photosynthetic parameters, visual symptoms, and morphological changes. Plants treated with a toxic dose had more spurs and shorter internodes than those treated with adequate and deficient doses. The white root weight (50.5 g) at low B concentrations had the most roots compared with the adequate (33.0 g) and toxic (22.0 g) concentrations. The stem weight and biomass partitioning were higher for white roots and stems at B-deficient and -adequate doses than at toxic doses. The net photosynthesis (Pn) and transpiration rate (E) were significantly higher in plants with adequate concentrations of B. Stomatal conductance (Gs) was higher in B-deficient plants. Morphological and visual differences were observed between treatments. The results showed that it is essential to adequately manage B in cherry crops to avoid the adverse effects of both low and toxic concentrations.