Browsing by Author "Billeke, P."

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    Functional cortical network in alpha band correlates with social bargaining
    (2014) Billeke, P.; Zamorano, F.; Chavez, M.; Cosmelli, Diego; Aboitiz, Francisco
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    Intra-individual response variability assessed by ex-Gaussian analysis may be a new endophenotype for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    (2015) Henriquez-Henriquez, M. P.; Billeke, P.; Henriquez, H.; Zamorano, F. J.; Rothhammer, F.; Aboitiz, Francisco
    Intra-individual variability of response times (RTisv) is considered as potential endophenotype for attentional deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Traditional methods for estimating RTisv lose information regarding response times (RTs) distribution along the task, with eventual effects on statistical power. Ex-Gaussian analysis captures the dynamic nature of RTisv, estimating normal and exponential components for RT distribution, with specific phenomenological correlates. Here, we applied ex-Gaussian analysis to explore whether intra-individual variability of RTs agrees with criteria proposed by Gottesman and Gould for endophenotypes. Specifically, we evaluated if normal and/or exponential components of RTs may (a) present the stair-like distribution expected for endophenotypes (ADHD > siblings > typically developing children (TD) without familiar history of ADHD) and (b) represent a phenotypic correlate for previously described genetic risk variants. This is a pilot study including 55 subjects (20 ADHD-discordant sibling-pairs and 15 TD children), all aged between 8 and 13 years. Participants resolved a visual Go/Nogo with 10% Nogo probability. Ex-Gaussian distributions were fitted to individual RT data and compared among the three samples. In order to test whether intra-individual variability may represent a correlate for previously described genetic risk variants, VNTRs at DRD4 and SLC6A3 were identified in all sibling-pairs following standard protocols. Groups were compared adjusting independent general linear models for the exponential and normal components from the ex-Gaussian analysis. Identified trends were confirmed by the non-parametric Jonckheere–Terpstra test. Stair-like distributions were observed for μ (p = 0.036) and σ (p = 0.009). An additional “DRD4-genotype” × “clinical status” interaction was present for τ (p = 0.014) reflecting a possible severity factor. Thus, normal and exponential RTisv components are suitable as ADHD endophenotypes.
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    Lateral prefrontal activity as a compensatory strategy for defcits of cortical processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
    (2017) Zamorano, F.; Billeke, P.; Kausel Kamp, Leonie Margarita; Larraín Correa, Juan Agustín; Stecher, X.; Hurtado, J.; López Hernández, Vladimir; Carrasco, X.; Aboitiz, Francisco
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    Lateral Prefrontal Theta Oscillations Reflect Proactive Cognitive Control Impairment in Males With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
    (2020) Zamorano, F.; Kausel Kamp, Leonie Margarita; Albornoz, C.; Lavin Tapia, Claudio Sebastian; Figueroa Vargas, A.; Stecher, X.; Aragon Caqueo, D.; Carrasco, X.; Aboitiz, Francisco; Billeke, P.
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    Neural Dynamics of Improved Bimodal Attention and Working Memory in Musically Trained Children
    (2020) Kausel Kamp, Leonie Margarita; Zamorano, F.; Billeke, P.; Sutherland , Mary Elizabeth; Larrain Valenzuela, J.; Stecher, X.; Schlaug, G.; Aboitiz, Francisco
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    Temporal constraints of behavioral inhibition: relevance of inter-stimulus interval in a Go-Nogo task
    (2014) Zamorano, F.; Billeke, P.; Hurtado, J. M.; López Hernández, Vladimir; Carrasco, X.; Ossandón, Tomás; Aboitiz, Francisco
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    Theta and alpha oscillations may underlie improved attention and working memory in musically trained children
    (2024) Kausel, Leonie; Zamorano, F.; Billeke, P.; Sutherland, M. E.; Alliende, M. I.; Larrain-Valenzuela, J.; Soto-Icaza, P.; Aboitiz, F.
    Introduction: Attention and working memory are key cognitive functions that allow us to select and maintain information in our mind for a short time, being essential for our daily life and, in particular, for learning and academic performance. It has been shown that musical training can improve working memory performance, but it is still unclear if and how the neural mechanisms of working memory and particularly attention are implicated in this process. In this work, we aimed to identify the oscillatory signature of bimodal attention and working memory that contributes to improved working memory in musically trained children.Materials and methods: We recruited children with and without musical training and asked them to complete a bimodal (auditory/visual) attention and working memory task, whereas their brain activity was measured using electroencephalography. Behavioral, time-frequency, and source reconstruction analyses were made.Results: Results showed that, overall, musically trained children performed better on the task than children without musical training. When comparing musically trained children with children without musical training, we found modulations in the alpha band pre-stimuli onset and the beginning of stimuli onset in the frontal and parietal regions. These correlated with correct responses to the attended modality. Moreover, during the end phase of stimuli presentation, we found modulations correlating with correct responses independent of attention condition in the theta and alpha bands, in the left frontal and right parietal regions.Conclusions: These results suggest that musically trained children have improved neuronal mechanisms for both attention allocation and memory encoding. Our results can be important for developing interventions for people with attention and working memory difficulties.