Browsing by Author "Barja, Salesa"

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    Adiponectin levels, cardiometabolic risk factors and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in children
    (ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2010) Arnaiz, Pilar; Acevedo, Monica; Barja, Salesa; Aglony, Marlene; Guzman, Beatriz; Cassis, Berta; Carvajal, Jacqueline; Moreno, Manuel; Navarrete, Carlos; Berrios, Ximena
    Background: Low levels of adiponectin have been associated with metabolic risk factors (RF) and cardiac disease. Minimal data is available about the relationship between adiponectin and subclinical atherosclerosis. Objectives: To determine the relationship of adiponectin to cardiometabolic RF, C-reactive protein (CRP), anthropometric parameters of obesity, and subclinical atherosclerosis in children.
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    Association of carotid intima media thickness with blood pressure and HDL cholesterol in children
    (SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2012) Arnaiz, Pilar; Villarroel, Luis; Barja, Salesa; Godoy, Ivan; Cassis, Berta; Dominguez, Angelica; Castillo, Oscar; Farias, Marcelo; Carvajal, Jacqueline; Cristina Tinoco, Ana; Mardones, Francisco
    Background: Cardiovascular risk factors must be controlled since childhood. Aim: To assess the association of carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) with the components of the metabolic syndrome in Children. Material and Methods: Cross sectional assessment of 299 children aged 11.5 +/- 0.9 years (58% women) with and without metabolic syndrome components. Anthropometric parameters and blood pressure were measured and a blood sample was obtained to measure blood glucose and lipids. CIMT was measured using high resolution ultrasound. Results: Ninety three percent of children were post puberal, 64% were overweight and 25% had metabolic syndrome. Mean and maximum CIMT correlated with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.21 and 0.21 respectively p < 0.01). Children with a CIMT over the 75th percentile had higher blood pressure and lower HDL cholesterol. A stepwise logistic regression accepted both variables as predictors of CIMT with odds ratios for mean CIMT of 1.46 (1.19-1-79) and 0.81 (0.7-0.94) per five units of change, respectively. Conclusions: In this group of children systolic blood pressure and HDL cholesterol are associated to CIMT. (Rev Med Chile 2012; 140: 1268-1275).
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    Association of perinatal factors and obesity in 6-to 8-year-old Chilean children
    (OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2008) Mardones, Francisco; Villarroel, Luis; Karzulovic, Lorena; Barja, Salesa; Arnaiz, Pilar; Taibo, Marcela; Mardones Restat, Francisco
    Background It has been reported in Chile that obesity figures in children of 6- to 8-years-old are associated with height for age. We studied the possible influence of perinatal variables on obesity at 6- to 8-years-old controlling for height for age.
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    Cardiometabolic risk in children with severe obesity
    (2022) Lopez Lucas, Maria Jose; Barja, Salesa; Villarroel del Pino, Luis; Arnaiz, Pilar; Mardones, Francisco
    Introduction: severe obesity has had a greater increase than non-severe obesity in Chilean schoolchildren during the last years. We do not know whether the cut-off point currently used to define severe obesity in children (BMI >= + 3 DE, WHO-2007 curves) is associated with a greater biological risk in our population.
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    Improvement in adherence to Mediterranean diet in children attending preschool centers
    (2024) Jobet, Emilia; Loyola, Maria Ines; Ortiz, Carolina; Rigotti, Attilio; Echeverria, Guadalupe; Mallea, Claudia; Barja, Salesa
    Background: the Mediterranean diet has been associated with a lower prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome, and with healthier lifestyles in adults and children, but data is scarce in younger ages. The Mediterranean -type ecosystem of the central region of Chile as well as its traditional gastronomy would facilitate the adoption of this dietary pattern. Objectives: to assess the adherence to Mediterranean diet in preschoolers and their parents, and to evaluate the impact of a nutrition education intervention and diet implementation. Methods: prospective cohort study. The KidMed index was applied to children older than 18 months, and the Mediterranean Dietary Index in Chile (Chilean-MDI) to their parents, before and after a remote educational intervention. Results: one hundred and thirty-nine families participated, with 95 preschoolers; 56 % were girls, aged 26.2 +/- 8.7 months. The basal mean KidMed score was 7.4 +/- 1.9 and increased to 7.9 +/- 1.9 after the intervention (p = 0.1). The Chilean-MDI score was 6.9 +/- 1.8 and 7.1 +/- 1.7, respectively (p = 0.09). When separated by categories, there was improvement from low and moderate adherence to optimal adherence in both children and their parents (Chi2, p = 0.009 y p = 0.04). In 58 dyads, there was a positive correlation between the KidMed and the Chilean-MDI index, pre- and post -intervention (Pearson R = 0.3 y 0.34; p = 0.004 y 0.003, respectively). Conclusions: most of these sample of preschoolers and their parents had a moderate adherence to Mediterranean diet, with an improvement after an educational intervention.
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    Myocardial function, mechanics and work by echocardiography in adolescents with severe obesity
    (2024) Larios, Guillermo; Uribe, Sergio; Trincado, Claudia; Arancibia-Galilea, Francisca; Valderrama, Paulo; Espejo, Juan Pablo; Amezquita, Maria Virginia; Barja, Salesa
    IntroductionObesity and its metabolic complications can impact the heart's structure and function in childhood, although demonstrating this impact has been challenging. New echocardiographic parameters such as left atrial strain (LA epsilon) and left ventricular strain (LV epsilon), as well as myocardial work (MW), could reveal subclinical alterations in cardiac function.ObjectiveThe aim is to evaluate the feasibility of these parameters in adolescents with severe obesity and explore their associations with body fat, metabolic comorbidities, and physical capacity.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study in adolescents with obesity who underwent echocardiography with analysis of LA epsilon, LV epsilon and MW using speckle tracking. Feasibility and association with anthropometry, body fat percentage, comorbidities and cardiopulmonary test were analyzed.ResultsTwenty adolescents were recruited, 13 (65%) were males, median age 14.2 (interquartile range: 12.9-14.9) years old. The median Z-score for BMI (zBMI) was +3.03 (2.87-3.14), 14 (70%) had severe obesity (zBMI >=+3), 12 (60%) body fat >= 95th percentile, 9 (45%) high blood pressure (HBP) and 8 (40%) metabolic syndrome. The analysis of the echocardiographic parameters was feasible in 95% (LA epsilon) and 100% (LV epsilon and MW). LV epsilon was lower in adolescents with vs. without metabolic syndrome: 17.8% (17.5-19.3%) vs. 19.3% (18.3-20.3%), P = 0.046; and with vs. without HBP 17.8% (17.5-18.6%) vs. 19.7% (18.4-20.3%), P = 0.02. Those with body fat >= 95th percentile had lower LA epsilon and MW parameters, without association with cardiopulmonary test.ConclusionEchocardiographic evaluation of LA epsilon, LV epsilon and MW is feasible in adolescents with severe obesity. A higher proportion of body fat and the presence of comorbidities are associated with alterations in these new echocardiographic functional parameters suggesting myocardial impact of higher metabolic compromise.
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    Normal plasma insulin and HOMA values among chilean children and adolescents
    (SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2011) Barja, Salesa; Arnaiz, Pilar; Dominguez, Angelica; Villarroel, Luis; Cassis, Berta; Castillo, Oscar; Salomo, Gianina; Farias, Marcelo; Goycoolea, Manuela; Quiroga, Teresa; Mardones, Francisco
    Background: Plasma insulin and HOMA (homeostasis model assessment) index, used to determine insulin resistance, do not have local standard values for children and adolescents in Chile. Aim: To establish the normal reference intervals for insulin and HOMA in children and adolescents aged 10-15 years, according to sex and puberal maturation. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 2,153 children and adolescents from Puente Alto County was performed, during 2009 and 2010. Anthropoinetry and self-report of puberal maturation were assessed. Fasting glucose (hexoquinase) and insulin blood levels (chemiluminiscence), were determined and HOMA index was calculated. Percentile distributions of these variables were calculated. Results: The reference group included only subjects with normal body mass index and fasting blood glucose (n = 1,192). Girls had higher insulin and HOMA values than boys (12.5 +/- 6.0 and 9.1 +/- 4.9 mu U/mL (p <0.01) and 2.7 +/- 1.4 and 2.1 +/- 1,1 (p <0.01), respectively). Subjects with Tanner land II puberal stages had lower insulin and HOMA mean values than subjects with Tanner III and IV (9.0 +/- 4.3 and 12.5 +/- 6.2 mu U/ml (p < 0.01) and 2.0 +/- 1 and 2.8 +/- 1.4 (p <0.01), respectively). Conclusions: The 90th percentile of insulin and HOMA distributions according to sex and maturation, was selected as the upper cut-off point to identify individuals with insulin resistance. HOMA cutoff point for Tanner I and II boys was 3.2, for Tanner land II girls was 4.1, for Tanner III and IV boys was 4.2 and for Tanner III and IV girls was 5.0. (Rev Med Chile 2011; 139: 1435-1443).
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    NUTRITIONAL STATUS, METABOLIC SYNDROME AND INSULIN RESISTANCE IN CHILDREN FROM SANTIAGO (CHILE)
    (ARAN EDICIONES, S L, 2013) Mardones, Francisco; Arnaiz, Pilar; Barja, Salesa; Giadach, Carolina; Villarroel, Luis; Dominguez, Angelica; Castillo, Oscar; Farias, Marcelo
    Background: The origin of most non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is in early life. Consequently obtaining information on risk factors for NCDs is important for preventive purposes. However, there is no information available on the prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS) and insulin resistance (IR) in Chilean children.
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    Prenatal Growth and Metabolic Syndrome Components in Children
    (2011) Mardones S., Francisco; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Barja, Salesa; Arnaíz, Pilar; Castillo, Oscar; Farías, Marcelo; Domínguez, Angélica
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    Spanish version of the readiness for interprofessional learning scale (RIPLS) in an undergraduate health sciences student context
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2021) Villagran, Ignacio; Jeldez, Paz; Calvo, Fernanda; Fuentes, Javiera; Moya, Jose; Baranao, Patricio; Irarrazabal, Lisette; Rojas, Noelia; Soto, Paula; Barja, Salesa; Fuentes Lopez, Eduardo
    The Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) has been widely used to measure students' and professionals' attitudes toward interprofessional learning. However, inconsistencies have been reported concerning its validity and reliability. This study aimed to translate, adapt, and validate the RIPLS questionnaire to be applied to Spanish-speaking health sciences students in Chile. Content and construct validity evidence of the newly created Spanish version of the RIPLS scale were analyzed. An exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) analysis were conducted, determining goodness-of-fit indexes. Reliability was evaluated through Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient. We assessed sensitivity to change of the RIPLS scale by comparing pre- and post-interprofessional education workshop scores. The EFA showed that there were three factors. In the CFA, most of the standardized factor loadings were higher than 0.3. Regarding internal consistency, Cronbach's Alpha was 0.86. The differences between the total RIPLS scores before and after the workshops were statistically significant. The Spanish version of RIPLS showed evidence of validity and reliability for use amongst health sciences students. The construct was adequately measured and was shown that it could be used to assess the impact of interprofessional education workshops.