Browsing by Author "Ban, Natalie C."

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    Addressing Criticisms of Large-Scale Marine Protected Areas
    (2018) O'Leary, Bethan C.; Ban, Natalie C.; Fernández, Miriam; Friedlander, Alan M.; Garcia-Borboroglu, Pablo; Golbuu, Yimnang; Guidetti, Paolo; Harris, Jean M.; Hawkins, Julie P.; Langlois, Tim; Mccauley, Douglas J.; Pikitch, Ellen K.; Richmond, Robert H.; Roberts, Callum M.
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    Insights on fostering the emergence of robust conservation actions from Zimbabwe's CAMPFIRE program
    (2019) Biggs, Duan; Ban, Natalie C.; Castilla, Juan Carlos; Gelcich, Stefan; Mills, Morena; Gandiwa, Edson; Etienne, Michel; Knight, Andrew T.; Marquet, Pablo A.; Possingham, Hugh P.
    One strategy to address threats to biodiversity in the face of ongoing budget constraints is to create an enabling environment that facilitates individuals, communities and other groups to self-organise to achieve conservation outcomes. Emergence (new activities and initiatives), and robustness (durability of these activities and initiatives over time), two related concepts from the common pool resources literature, provide guidance on how to support and enable such self-organised action for conservation. To date emergence has received little attention in the literature. Our exploratory synthesis of the conditions for emergence from the literature highlighted four themes: for conservation to emerge, actors need to 1) recognise the need for change, 2) expect positive outcomes, 3) be able to experiment to achieve collective learning, and 4) have legitimate local scale governance authority. Insights from the literature on emergence and robustness suggest that an appropriate balance should be maintained between external guidance of conservation and enabling local actors to find solutions appropriate to their contexts. We illustrate the conditions for emergence, and its interaction with robustness, through discussing the Communal Areas Management Programme for Indigenous Resources (CAMPFIRE) in Zimbabwe and reflect on efforts at strengthening local autonomy and management around the world. We suggest that the delicate balance between external guidance of actions, and supporting local actors to develop their own solutions, should be managed adaptively over time to support the emergence of robust conservation actions. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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    Well-being outcomes of marine protected areas
    (2019) Ban, Natalie C.; Gurney, Georgina Grace; Marshall, Nadine A.; Whitney, Charlotte K.; Mills, Morena; Gelcich, Stefan; Bennett, Nathan J.; Meehan, Mairi C.; Butler, Caroline; Ban, Stephen; Tran, Tanya C.; Cox, Michael E.; Breslow, Sara Jo
    Marine protected areas are advocated as a key strategy for simultaneously protecting marine biodiversity and supporting coastal livelihoods, but their implementation can be challenging for numerous reasons, including perceived negative effects on human well-being. We synthesized research from 118 peer-reviewed articles that analyse outcomes related to marine protected areas on people, and found that half of documented well-being outcomes were positive and about one-third were negative. No-take, well-enforced and old marine protected areas had positive human well-being outcomes, which aligns with most findings from ecological studies. Marine protected areas with single zones had more positive effects on human well-being than areas with multiple zones. Most studies focused on economic and governance aspects of well-being, leaving social, health and cultural domains understudied. Well-being outcomes arose from direct effects of marine protected area governance processes or management actions and from indirect effects mediated by changes in the ecosystem. Our findings illustrate that both human well-being and biodiversity conservation can be improved through marine protected areas, yet negative impacts commonly co-occur with benefits.