Browsing by Author "Baeza, Maria Jose"

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    Bearing (Aguantando) With Intimate Partner Violence: A Grounded Theory Study of Self-Silencing Among Hispanic Women Who Experienced Intimate Partner Violence
    (2024) Baeza, Maria Jose; De Santis, Joseph P.; Cianelli, Rosina; Metheny, Nicholas; Villegas, Natalia
    Hispanic women who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) face unique disparities. They have poorer health outcomes and are less likely to seek help than their non-Hispanic counterparts. When women remain in relationships where IPV occurs and refuse to disclose or seek treatment, they may resort to self-silencing, which can also worsen health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to develop a theory that explains how self-silencing evolves among Hispanic women who experience IPV. Participants were recruited from two research studies focused on Hispanic women's health, and from snowball sampling, which involved referrals by previously registered participants. Data were collected via Zoom (R) and included individual interviews. A total of 25 women participated in this study. Analysis followed constructive grounded theory levels of analysis described by Charmaz and constant comparative methods described by Glaser and Strauss. A grounded theory entitled Bearing (Aguantando) With Intimate Partner Violence emerged from the data. The theory explains the main strategy Hispanic women use to deal with violence while remaining in a relationship where IPV occurs. The theory is constructed of four categories with subcategories. The results of this study provide an initial framework to understand the self-silencing process among Hispanic women who experience IPV. In addition, this study identifies different levels of interventions that can be useful for researchers and healthcare providers to promote Hispanic women's ability to become empowered, use their voices, and seek help.
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    Disparities in Resource Availability, Psychological Intimate Partner Violence, and Depression Among Hispanic Women
    (2023) Baeza, Maria Jose; Cianelli, Rosina; De Oliveira, Giovanna; Villegas, Natalia; De Santis, Joseph P.; Iriarte, Evelyn; Montano, Nilda Peragallo
    This study aims to analyze the relationship between the availability of resources, exposure to psychological intimate partner violence (P-IPV), and depression in Hispanic women in South Florida. This secondary data analysis used cross-sectional baseline data from SEPA (Salud, Educacion, Prevencion y Autocuidado) III. SEPA III was a randomized controlled trial that tested the SEPA intervention with 320 cisgender, sexually active Hispanic women. Descriptive analysis, logistic, and multiple regressions were conducted. Lower sexual relationship power and attending religious services were associated with higher odds of P-IPV. Reporting a history of P-IPV in the last 3 months predicted depression scores and higher depression scores were associated with higher odds of experiencing P-IPV. Participants with higher depressive scores reported less education, increased emergency room utilization, and less sexual relationship power. P-IPV is highly prevalent among Hispanic women living in South Florida. The availability of personal and community resources can buffer the risk of P-IPV and its mental health consequences. Nurses can strengthen women's resources to prevent Hispanic women from exposure to P-IPV.
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    Factors Related to the Need for Informal Care Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Chile
    (2024) Araya, Alejandra-Ximena; Iriarte, Evelyn; De Oliveira, Giovanna; Baeza, Maria Jose; Jankowski, Catherine
    PURPOSE: To identify factors contributing to the need for informal care among community -dwelling older adults with functional impairment in Chile. METHOD: A secondary data analysis was conducted using cross-sectional data from 540 Chilean older adults aged >= 60 years (mean age = 72.2 years, SD = 6.22 years). RESULTS: Informal care need was reported by 24.3% (n = 131) of participants. Among the variables that most influenced the need for informal care among older adults were hospitalization in the past 1 year, functionality, comorbidities, and multidimensional frailty (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study identified factors that clinicians and nurses should be aware of when caring for this population to prevent or manage the need for informal care.
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    Feasibility and acceptability of SEPA plus PrEP: An HIV prevention intervention to increase PrEP knowledge, initiation, and persistence among cisgender heterosexual Hispanic women
    (2024) Cianelli, Rosina; De Santis, Joseph P.; De Oliveira, Giovanna C.; Castro, Jose G.; Iriarte, Evelyn; Baeza, Maria Jose; Thomas, Sophia O.; Villegas, Natalia; Peragallo-Montano, Nilda
    The HIV epidemic disproportionately affects Hispanics in the U.S., with Hispanic women (HW) accounting for 18% of new HIV diagnoses in 2019 despite comprising only 16% of the female population. The imbalance of power related to cultural values and HW's lack of knowledge and low perception of risk for HIV interferes with prevention efforts (e.g., condom use, HIV testing, and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis [PrEP]). It is estimated that in 2019, only 10% of women in the U.S. who could benefit from PrEP were given prescriptions for it. This number is estimated to be significantly lower among HW. PrEP is highly effective for preventing HIV, reducing the risk of acquiring HIV from sexual activity by about 99%. To respond to this need, we developed SEPA+PrEP, a biobehavioral HIV prevention intervention that adapted and integrated SEPA (Salud/Health, Educacion/Education, Prevencion/Prevention, Autocuidado/Self-Care), an empirically validated behavioral HIV prevention intervention, with the evidence-based biomedical strategy of PrEP. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of SEPA+PrEP among cisgender heterosexual Hispanic women (HW). We used a mixed methods approach to gather data from 44 HW living in the City of Homestead and its surrounding communities in Miami-Dade County, Florida. None of the participants knew about PrEP prior to participating in the study, and the majority (70.5%, n = 23) had not used condoms when engaging in vaginal sex during the previous three months. Overall, study results suggest that SEPA+PrEP is an acceptable and feasible intervention to prevent HIV among HW, with a focus on PrEP knowledge, initiation, and maintenance.
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    Health effects associated with exposure to intimate partner violence against women and childhood sexual abuse: a burden of proof study
    (2023) Spencer, Cory N.; Khalil, Mariam; Herbert, Molly; Aravkin, Aleksandr Y.; Arrieta, Alejandra; Baeza, Maria Jose; Bustreo, Flavia; Cagney, Jack; Calderon-Anyosa, Renzo J. C.; Carr, Sinclair; Chandan, Jaidev Kaur; Coll, Carolina V. N.; de Andrade, Fabiana Martins Dias; de Andrade, Gisele N.; Debure, Alexandra N.; Flor, Luisa S.; Hammond, Ben; Hay, Simon I.; Knaul, Felicia N.; Lim, Rachel Q. H.; Mclaughlin, Susan A.; Minhas, Sonica; Mohr, Jasleen K.; Mullany, Erin C.; Murray, Christopher J. L.; O'Connell, Erin M.; Patwardhan, Vedavati; Reinach, Sofia; Scott, Dalton; Sorenson, Reed J. D.; Stein, Caroline; Stoeckl, Heidi; Twalibu, Aisha; Vasconcelos, Nadia; Zheng, Peng; Metheny, Nicholas; Chandan, Joht Singh; Gakidou, Emmanuela
    The health impacts of intimate partner violence against women and childhood sexual abuse are not fully understood. Here we conducted a systematic review by comprehensively searching seven electronic databases for literature on intimate partner violence-associated and childhood sexual abuse-associated health effects. Following the burden of proof methodology, we evaluated the evidence strength linking intimate partner violence and/or childhood sexual abuse to health outcomes supported by at least three studies. Results indicated a moderate association of intimate partner violence with major depressive disorder and with maternal abortion and miscarriage (63% and 35% increased risk, respectively). HIV/AIDS, anxiety disorders and self-harm exhibited weak associations with intimate partner violence. Fifteen outcomes were evaluated for their relationship to childhood sexual abuse, which was shown to be moderately associated with alcohol use disorders and with self-harm (45% and 35% increased risk, respectively). Associations between childhood sexual abuse and 11 additional health outcomes, such as asthma and type 2 diabetes mellitus, were found to be weak. Although our understanding remains limited by data scarcity, these health impacts are larger in magnitude and more extensive than previously reported. Renewed efforts on violence prevention and evidence-based approaches that promote healing and ensure access to care are necessary.