Browsing by Author "Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot"

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    Adverse childhood experiences and suicidal ideation among immigrants in Santiago, Chile
    (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2021) Errazuriz Concha, Antonia; Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot; Morales, S.; Pino, R.
    Introduction: Understanding suicidal ideation and its association with childhood adversity is crucial for preventing suicide. Although the “healthy immigrant effect”, whereby immigrants are healthier than the native-born population, has been well documented across studies, little research has examined the presence of such effect on lifetime suicidal ideation (LSI) and its association to early adversity.Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of LSI between the immigrant and native-born population in Chile and explore the association between childhood adversity and suicidal ideation in immigrants.Methods:Data from two cross-sectional health surveys: the Santiago Immigrant Wellbeing Study (STRING, n=1,091; 2019) and the Chilean National Health Survey (ENS2016, n=3,432) were used. Each study used multistage probability sampling and estimates were weighted to approximate the distribution of demographic variables in each population. Outcomes included LSI measured by WHO-CIDI and an adapted version of the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was employed.Results:indicated that immigrants were less likely to report LSI compared with the native-born population. Moreover, male and female immigrants had lower risk of having SI than native-born counterparts. After controlling for socioeconomic status, social support, and health conditions, childhood adversities predicted an increased risk of LSI in immigrants. No gender differences were found in the effects of childhood adversity on suicidal thoughts.Conclusions: Findings confirm the presence of a healthy immigrant effect in LSI and support a life course perspective, highlighting the importance of assessing early life disadvantages to understand suicidal ideation among immigrants.
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    Components of event-related potentials and borderline personality disorder: a meta-analysis
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Salas, Fabiola; Nvo-Fernández, Marcelo; Leiva-Bianchi, Marcelo; Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot; Sepúlveda Páez, Geraldy; Vía García, Marc; César Villacura-Herrera
    Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by symptoms associated with difficulties in emotion regulation, altered self-image, impulsivity, and instability in personal relationships. A relationship has been found between BPD symptoms and altered neuropsychological processes. Studies of event-related potentials (ERP) measured with electroencephalogram (EEG) have found neural correlates related to BPD symptoms. Of note is the P300 component, considered a potential mental health biomarker for trauma-associated disorders. However, no meta-analysis has been found to demonstrate this relationship. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between the P300 component and BPD symptoms. To evaluate the relationship of other ERP components with BPD symptoms. Methods: The method and procedure were adjusted to the PRISMA checklist. The search was performed in three databases: WOS, Scopus and PubMed. A Random Effects Model was used to perform the analysis of the studies. In addition, a meta-regression was performed with % women, Gini and GDP. Finally, a descriptive analysis of the main results found between P300, other ERP components (LPP, P100 and ERN/Ne) and BPD symptoms was performed. Results: From a review of 485 articles, a meta-analysis was performed with six articles that met the inclusion criteria. A moderate, positive relationship was found between the P300 component and BPD symptoms (REM =.489; p <.001). It was not possible to perform meta-analyses for other ERP components (LPP, P100 and ERN/Ne) due to the low number of articles found. Conclusion: The idea that P300 could be considered for use as a biomarker to identify altered neural correlates in BPD is reinforced. In addition, a moderating effect of inequality (Gini) was detected.
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    Educación interprofesional en salud a través de la metodología de aprendizaje-servicio en estudiantes de primer año
    (2021) Lucero González, Nayadet-Noelia; Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot; Sepúlveda Maulén, José; Calvo Sánchez, María Fernanda; Espinosa Repenning, Alejandra; Villagrán Gutiérrez, Ignacio Andrés
    Introducción: el presente artículo describe la implementación de la educación interprofesional en estudiantes de primer año de tres carreras del departamento de ciencias de la salud de la Universidad Católica (UC) a través de la metodología de aprendizaje servicio, durante la pandemia COVID-19, con el fin de promover habilidades transversales y fortalecer aprendizajes vinculados a diferentes realidades sociales en futuros profesionales. Método: la metodología de esta investigación es de carácter mixta concurrente con predominancia cuantitativa, de secuencia transversal y alcance descriptivo. Consiste en una encuesta, voluntaria y anónima, compuesta por preguntas abiertas y de escala Likert, aplicada a 239 estudiantes de las carreras de terapia ocupacional, kinesiología y nutrición durante el primer semestre de 2021. Resultados: la percepción de estudiantes sobre la metodología de aprendizaje-servicio interdisciplinario, a pesar de la modalidad virtual dada por la pandemia, es positiva, ya que se acepta su coherencia e integración con los aprendizajes y objetivos de la asignatura; y se reconoce como un aporte a la reflexión, al igual que de servicio tanto a la comunidad como a la sociedad desde la formación profesional. De forma similar, los estudiantes informan el cumplimiento del desarrollo de habilidades transversales y se identifican elementos de mejora. Discusiones: El proyecto de interdisciplina implementados por docentes UC a estudiantes de primer año cumple con la metodología y los objetivos principales de aprendizaje-servicio y se valora la oportunidad de aprender con estudiantes de otras disciplinas, lo cual hace imperativo mejorar la coordinación y comunicación entre equipos docentes para potenciar más instancias de este carácter.
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    Explorando la evolución y tendencias del aprendizaje en línea. Un análisis bibliométrico de dos décadas de investigación (2004-2023)
    (2024) Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot; Culcasi, Irene; Sepúlveda Maulen, José Ignacio; Estrada Palavecino, Leonardo Andrés
    INTRODUCCIÓN. En la actual era digital, el aprendizaje-servicio en línea contribuye al enriquecimiento académico y al crecimiento personal de los estudiantes, a través de la colaboración con y para la comunidad. Aunque su papel es innegable, este campo sigue estando muy poco estudiado en la enseñanza superior. El propósito de este artículo es explorar la evolución y las tendencias emergentes en la investigación del aprendizaje-servicio en línea. METODOLOGÍA. A través de un análisis bibliométrico, se trazó su trayectoria desde 2004 hasta 2023 utilizando la base de datos Web of Science. La investigación utilizó R con la función bibliométrica y el software VOSviewer para analizar los patrones de publicación, la evolución temática, las contribuciones geográficas y las redes de coautoría. RESULTADOS. Se examinaron 264 artículos, que mostraron un crecimiento constante de las publicaciones con un pico en 2021, lo que refleja el cambio hacia el aprendizaje en línea durante la pandemia COVID-19. Los principales contribuyentes procedían de EE.UU. y China, con escasa representación de otras regiones. Las redes mostraron patrones activos de coautoría. Se identificaron grupos temáticos en torno a la "educación", el "aprendizaje electrónico" y el "aprendizaje-servicio". DISCUSIÓN. El cambio global hacia las modalidades digitales ha puesto de relieve el aprendizaje-servicio en línea como elemento clave de las estrategias educativas modernas. La profundización en este campo enriquecerá las prácticas pedagógicas en diferentes entornos educativos. A pesar de algunas limitaciones, este análisis pone de relieve la evolución del aprendizaje-servicio en línea, identifica áreas de investigación y hace hincapié en la colaboración en la investigación del aprendizaje-servicio en línea.
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    Psychosocial Impact of Quarantines: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) González González, Catarina Fabiola; Navarro, Marcelo; Helbig Soto, Fabiola María del Carmen; Braulio Henrique, Magnani Branco; Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot; Carmine, Florencia; Márquez Alvarez, Nicolas; Sandoval, Cristian; Landim, Síbila Floriano; Leiva Bianch, Marcelo
    Background: Quarantine is one of the most effective strategies to control outbreaks of communicable diseases. Individuals under isolation or quarantine experience both physical and mental effects. Therefore, given its widespread implementation around the world, it is pertinent to analyze this effect on physical and mental health. The psychosocial impact model, which divides four dimensions into two main points, exposure or protection and positive or negative responses, was used to analyze the psychosocial impact of quarantine. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the psychosocial impact of people exposed to or protected from quarantine. Methods: We conducted a search for primary articles in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we meta-analyzed five of them. Results: Quarantined individuals were more likely to experience anxiety (K = 4; OR = 2.62) and depressive symptoms (K = 6; OR = 1.61) compared to those who did not undergo quarantine. Researchers discuss a twofold increase in the probability of anxiety or depression among those in quarantine. As a result, advancing interventions that reduce this impact is critical for both health and the global economy. Conclusions: In terms of economic variables, the non-moderation of GDP per capita and the moderation of the GINI index stand out, demonstrating that countries must move toward policies that promote the reconstruction of more resilient and inclusive societies.
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    Relation between sleep disorders and attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity in children and adolescents: A systematic review
    (2023) Arias-Mera, Claudio; Paillama-Raimán, Daniel; Lucero González, Nayadet-Noelia; Leiva-Bianchi, Marcelo; Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot
    Background: Sleep problems have a high recurrence in children and adolescents with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADHD) experience high rates of sleep problems. Objective: Understand the relationship between sleep disorders and ADHD symptoms. Methods and procedures: A systematic review was performed using electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Lilacs, and Psychology Database (ProQuest) systems. The quality of each article was assessed using a 5-criteria checklist, measuring relevant dimensions. Outcomes and results: The review analyzed fifteen articles, were included that raised the realizations among sleep problems in the population of children with ADHD, obtaining a total of 1645 children and adolescents with ADHD that were compared with typical development groups. The articles selected for this systematic review of observational design have a high quality. Conclusions and implications: Children and adolescents with ADHD have sleep problems, which may exacerbate or be the cause of the ADHD clinic, affecting the quality of life of children and their families. Early inquiry and a timely approach can contribute to reducing the severity of ADHD symptoms.
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    What Competencies Does a Community Occupational Therapist Need in Neurorehabilitation? Qualitative Perspectives
    (2022) Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot; Lucero González, Nayadet-Noelia; Helbig Soto, Fabiola; Fernández Martínez, María del Mar
    More than three million people in Chile suffer from neurological conditions, and many of these become permanent users of health services with a community approach. In this way, disciplinary competencies in this area are relevant. We seek to characterize the competencies for community occupational therapy intervention in neurorehabilitation. Using a qualitative approach, interviews were conducted with eighteen professionals and were analyzed using content analysis. The main results are associated with the competencies of knowledge associated with theoretical biomedical and community elements. Skills range from health evaluation and intervention on micro- and macrosocial levels. Attitude is also an important skill, stemming from personal and relational spheres. These findings suggest that interventions are essentially on a personal and microsocial level, focusing first on pathology and treatment, and later comprehending the interactions with a patient’s close social environment, such as family, schoolmates, and workmates and their physical environment at home, school, and the workplace. Although the final objective of community intervention is present in the discourse as being able to generate structural changes that favor well-being and social inclusion, concrete competencies are not appreciated on a macrosocial level.