Browsing by Author "Araya, A."

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Acceso oportuno al test de Elisa en el nivel primario de salud : una mirada desde los profesionales de salud
    (2016) Rubio, Miriam E.; Vega Vega, Paula; Araya, A.; Carrasco Aldunate, Paola; Urrutia, M.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Adultos Mayores institucionalizados en Chile: ¿Cómo saber cuántos son?
    (SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2004) Marin, P.P.; Guzman, J.M.; Araya, A.
    Background: Elderly people (>60 years) in Chile represented 11.4% (n = 1,717,478) of the total population in 2002. The group with disabilities or mental problems is increasing and there is no reliable information about the number of institutionalized elderly subjects. Aim: To estimate the number of elderly people living in residences for long term care and their and main characteristics. Patients and methods: Chilean Census does not provide: exact information about institutional care, therefore; we developed "proxy" indicator of the: percentage of institutionalized elderly (those living in "collective residences with more than 5 elderly persons and in which they represent more than 25% of the residents". This proxy has a R2=0.9859 with the true value of institutionalized persons for those Latin-American countries with exact value in census data at CELADE. Results: Using the proxy we found that institutionalized elderly population had increased,from. 14,114 (1992) to 26,854 (2002) and is projected to reach 83,500 (2025). In 2002, there were 1,668 institutions (37.4% informal care). In the Metropolitan Area, there were 804 institutions (14,178 elderly persons) and 40.3% of these were registered at the Ministry of Health. The proportion of institutionalized elderly subjects was 1.56% of the total elderly population; this proportion increased from 0.87% in subjects 60-74 years old to 2.5% among subjects aged 75-84 years and 6.1% in subjects 85 years old and over. Among subjects living in institutions, 60.9 were women, 21% were married, 35% were single, approximately 50% receive a pension and around 15% were handicapped. Conclusions: Institutional care affects a small percentage of elderly population, but it will increase to the near future. The main characteristics of institutionalized elderly subjects are not well known. We propose to create a formal Registry of these institutions and to include Nursing Homes and hospitals in type of housing of future Censuses.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The gene for mitochondrial ribosomal protein S14 has been transferred to the nucleus in Arabidopsis thaliana
    (1999) Figueroa, P.; Gómez, I.; Carmona, R.; Holuigue, L.; Araya, A.; Jordana, X.
    The transfer of genetic information from the mitochondrion to the nucleus is thought to be still underway in higher plants. The mitochondrial genome of Arabidopsis thaliana contains only one rps14 pseudogene. In this paper we show that the functional gene encoding mitochondrial ribosomal protein S14 has been translocated to the nucleus. This gene transfer is a recent evolutionary event, which occurred within Cruciferae, probably after the divergence of Arabidopsis and Brassica napus. A 5' extension of the rps14 reading frame encodes a presequence which, in vitro, targets the polypeptide to isolated mitochondria and is cleaved off during or after import. No intron was found at the junction of the targeting presequence with the mitochondrially derived sequence, which are directly connected. By contrast, a 90-bp intron, which is removed by splicing to give a mature poly(A)(+) mRNA of 0.9 kb, is located in the 3' non-coding region. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an intron in such a position in a functional transferred gene in higher plants, and suggests that exon shuffling may have been involved in the acquisition of elements necessary for expression in the nucleus. Putative roles of this intron in polyadenylation and enhancement of gene expression are discussed.