Browsing by Author "Alastuey, Andres"

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    AERO-MAP: a data compilation and modeling approach to understand spatial variability in fine- and coarse-mode aerosol composition
    (2025) Mahowald, Natalie M.; Li, Longlei; Vira, Julius; Prank, Marje; Hamilton, Douglas S.; Matsui, Hitoshi; Miller, Ron L.; Lu, P. Louis; Akyuz, Ezgi; Meidan, Daphne; Hess, Peter; Lihavainen, Heikki; Wiedinmyer, Christine; Hand, Jenny; Alaimo, Maria Grazia; Alves, Célia; Alastuey, Andres; Artaxo, Paulo; Barreto, Africa; Barraza, Francisco; Lambert, Fabrice; Becagli, Silvia; Calzolai, Giulia; Chellam, Shankararaman; Chen, Ying; Chuang, Patrick; Cohen, David D.; Colombi, Cristina; Diapouli, Evangelia; Dongarra, Gaetano; Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos; Engelbrecht, Johann; Galy-Lacaux, Corinne; Gaston, Cassandra; Gomez, Dario; González Ramos, Yenny; Harrison, Roy M.; Heyes, Chris; Herut, Barak; Hopke, Philip; Hüglin, Christoph; Kanakidou, Maria; Kertesz, Zsofia; Klimont, Zbigniew; Kyllönen, Katriina; Liu, Xiaohong; Losno, Remi; Lucarelli, Franco; Maenhaut, Willy; Marticorena, Beatrice; Martin, Randall V.; Mihalopoulos, Nikolaos; Morera-Gómez, Yasser; Paytan, Adina; Prospero, Joseph; Rodríguez, Sergio; Smichowski, Patricia; Varrica, Daniela; Walsh, Brenna; Weagle, Crystal L.; Zhao, Xi
    Aerosol particles are an important part of the Earth climate system, and their concentrations are spatially and temporally heterogeneous, as well as being variable in size and composition. Particles can interact with incoming solar radiation and outgoing longwave radiation, change cloud properties, affect photochemistry, impact surface air quality, change the albedo of snow and ice, and modulate carbon dioxide uptake by the land and ocean. High particulate matter concentrations at the surface represent an important public health hazard. There are substantial data sets describing aerosol particles in the literature or in public health databases, but they have not been compiled for easy use by the climate and air quality modeling community. Here, we present a new compilation of PM2.5 and PM10 surface observations, including measurements of aerosol composition, focusing on the spatial variability across different observational stations. Climate modelers are constantly looking for multiple independent lines of evidence to verify their models, and in situ surface concentration measurements, taken at the level of human settlement, present a valuable source of information about aerosols and their human impacts complementarily to the column averages or integrals often retrieved from satellites. We demonstrate a method for comparing the data sets to outputs from global climate models that are the basis for projections of future climate and large-scale aerosol transport patterns that influence local air quality. Annual trends and seasonal cycles are discussed briefly and are included in the compilation. Overall, most of the planet or even the land fraction does not have sufficient observations of surface concentrations - and, especially, particle composition - to characterize and understand the current distribution of particles. Climate models without ammonium nitrate aerosols omit similar to 10 % of the globally averaged surface concentration of aerosol particles in both PM2.5 and PM10 size fractions, with up to 50 % of the surface concentrations not being included in some regions. In these regions, climate model aerosol forcing projections are likely to be incorrect as they do not include important trends in short-lived climate forcers.
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    Anthropogenic Perturbations to the Atmospheric Molybdenum Cycle
    (2021) Wong, Michelle Y.; Rathod, Sagar D.; Marino, Roxanne; Li, Longlei; Lambert, Fabrice; Howarth, Robert W.; Alastuey, Andres; Alaimo,Maria Grazia; Barraza, Francisco; Castro Carneiro, Manuel
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    Constraining Present-Day Anthropogenic Total Iron Emissions Using Model and Observations
    (2024) Rathod, Sagar D.; Hamilton, Douglas S.; Nino, Lance; Kreidenweis, Sonia M.; Bian, Qijing; Mahowald, Natalie M.; Alastuey, Andres; Querol, Xavier; Paytan, Adina; Artaxo, Paulo; Herut, Barak; Gaston, Cassandra; Prospero, Joseph; Chellam, Shankararaman; Hueglin, Christoph; Varrica, Daniela; Dongarra, Gaetano; Cohen, David D.; Smichowski, Patricia; Gomez, Dario; Lambert, Fabrice; Barraza, Francisco; Bergametti, Gilles; Rodriguez, Sergio; Gonzalez-Ramos, Yenny; Hand, Jenny; Kyllonen, Katriina; Hakola, Hannele; Chuang, Patrick; Hopke, Philip K.; Harrison, Roy M.; Martin, Randall V.; Walsh, Brenna; Weagle, Crystal; Maenhaut, Willy; Morera-Gomez, Yasser; Chen, Yu-Cheng; Pierce, Jeffrey R.; Bond, Tami C.
    Iron emissions from human activities, such as oil combustion and smelting, affect the Earth's climate and marine ecosystems. These emissions are difficult to quantify accurately due to a lack of observations, particularly in remote ocean regions. In this study, we used long-term, near-source observations in areas with a dominance of anthropogenic iron emissions in various parts of the world to better estimate the total amount of anthropogenic iron emissions. We also used a statistical source apportionment method to identify the anthropogenic components and their sub-sources from bulk aerosol observations in the United States. We find that the estimates of anthropogenic iron emissions are within a factor of 3 in most regions compared to previous inventory estimates. Under- or overestimation varied by region and depended on the number of sites, interannual variability, and the statistical filter choice. Smelting-related iron emissions are overestimated by a factor of 1.5 in East Asia compared to previous estimates. More long-term iron observations and the consideration of the influence of dust and wildfires could help reduce the uncertainty in anthropogenic iron emissions estimates.