Browsing by Author "Aboona, Majd B."

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    Incidence of liver cancer in young adults according to the Global Burden of Disease database 2019
    (2024) Danpanichkul, Pojsakorn; Aboona, Majd B.; Sukphutanan, Banthoon; Kongarin, Siwanart; Duangsonk, Kwanjit; Ng, Cheng Han; Muthiah, Mark D.; Huang, Daniel Q.; Seko, Yuya; Diaz Piga, Luis Antonio; Arab Verdugo, Juan Pablo; Yang, Ju Dong; Chen, Vincent L.; Kim, Donghee; Noureddin, Mazen; Liangpunsakul, Suthat; Wijarnpreecha, Karn
    Background and Aims: The worldwide burden of cancer is increasing in younger populations. However, the epidemiology of primary liver cancer remains understudied in young adults compared to other cancer forms., Approach and Results: This study analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease study between 2010 and 2019 to assess the age-standardized incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years associated with primary liver cancer in the young (15-49 y), stratified by region, nation, sociodemographic index, and sex. The study found a global estimate of 78,299 primary liver cancer cases, 60,602 deaths, and 2.90 million disability-adjusted life years in the young population. The Western Pacific region exhibited the highest burden in 2019, showing the most significant increase compared to other regions between 2010 and 2019. More than half of the countries worldwide have undergone an increase in primary liver cancer incidence rates in young adults. Around 12.51% of deaths due to primary liver cancer occur in young individuals. Throughout the study period, there was a significant decline in primary liver cancer mortality due to most etiologies, except for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease-attributable primary liver cancer (annual percentage change + 0.87%, 95% CI: 0.70%-1.05%) and alcohol-attributable primary liver cancer (annual percentage change + 0.21%, 95% CI: 0.01%-0.42%). The limitations of the Global Burden of Disease database include reliance on the quality of primary data and possible underestimation of alcohol consumption., Conclusions: Over the past decade, there has been a marked increase in the burden of primary liver cancer, especially that originating from steatotic liver disease. This trend calls for the development of urgent and comprehensive strategies to mitigate this rising burden globally.
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    Mortality outcomes in individuals with MASLD versus MASLD and increased alcohol intake
    (2024) Aboona, Majd B.; Danpanichkul, Pojsakorn; Chen, Vincent L.; Rangan, Pooja; Kim, Donghee; Alkhouri, Naim; Fallon, Michael B.; Noureddin, Mazen; Arab, Juan Pablo; Wijarnpreecha, Karn
    Background and Aim Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. A new entity termed MetALD has also been described and is defined as individuals with MASLD and increased alcohol intake. However, the natural history of MetALD compared with MASLD is unknown. We aimed to compare longitudinal outcomes in patients with MASLD versus MetALD. Methods This study was performed using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2018. MASLD patients (defined by the United States Fatty Liver Index > 30) who met cardiometabolic criteria including body mass index (BMI) > 25 (BMI > 23 in Asians), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertriglyceridemia were included. MetALD was defined as MASLD with increased alcohol intake (3-6 standard drinks per day in males; 2-5 standard drinks per day in females). A comparison of overall, cardiovascular, cancer-related, and other causes of mortality in patients with MASLD versus MetALD was performed. Results A total of 2838 individuals with MASLD and 2557 individuals with MetALD were included with a median follow-up time of 56 months. MetALD patients were at increased risk of cancer-related mortality compared with patients with MASLD (hazard ratio 1.32; 95% confidence interval 1.14-1.53; P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in overall, cardiovascular, and other causes of mortality. Conclusions Patients with MetALD were at higher risk for cancer-related mortality than MASLD. Close attention to regular cancer surveillance and accurate classification of alcohol consumption in individuals with diagnosed MASLD is warranted to help improve patient care and outcome.