Browsing by Author "Álvarez Espejo, Diana Claudia Marcela"

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    Anti-herpetic Activity ofMacrocystis pyriferaandDurvillaea antarcticaAlgae Extracts Against HSV-1 and HSV-2
    (2020) Castillo, E.; Duarte Peñaloza, Luisa Fernanda; Corrales, N.; Álvarez Espejo, Diana Claudia Marcela; Farías León, Mónica Andrea; Henríquez, A.; Smith Ferrer, Patricio; Agurto Muñoz, C.; González Muñoz, Pablo Alberto
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    Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection of the Central Nervous System : Insights Into Proposed Interrelationships With Neurodegenerative Disorders
    (2019) Duarte Peñaloza, Luisa Fernanda; Farías León, Mónica Andrea; Álvarez Espejo, Diana Claudia Marcela; Bueno Ramírez, Susan; Riedel Soria, Claudia; González Muñoz, Pablo Alberto; Gonzalez-Dunia, Daniel
    Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is highly prevalent in humans and can reach the brain without evident clinical symptoms. Once in the central nervous system (CNS), the virus can either reside in a quiescent latent state in this tissue, or eventually actively lead to severe acute necrotizing encephalitis, which is characterized by exacerbated neuroinflammation and prolonged neuroimmune activation producing a life-threatening disease. Although HSV-1 encephalitis can be treated with antivirals that limit virus replication, neurological sequelae are common and the virus will nevertheless remain for life in the neural tissue. Importantly, there is accumulating evidence that suggests that HSV-1 infection of the brain both, in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals could lead to neuronal damage and eventually, neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we review and discuss acute and chronic infection of particular brain regions by HSV-1 and how this may affect neuron and cognitive functions in the host. We review potential cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration, such as protein aggregation, dysregulation of autophagy, oxidative cell damage and apoptosis, among others. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of HSV-1 infection on brain inflammation and its potential relationship with neurodegenerative diseases.
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    The role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in chronic infectious diseases and the current methodology available for their study
    (2019) Peñaloza Cerda, Hernán F.; Álvarez Espejo, Diana Claudia Marcela; Muñoz Durango, Natalia; Schultz Lombardic, Bárbara M.; González, Pablo A.; Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikes; Bueno Ramírez, Susan
    An effective pathogen has the ability to evade the immune response. The strategies used to achieve this may be based on the direct action of virulence factors or on the induction of host factors. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immune cells with an incredible ability to suppress the inflammatory response, which makes them excellent targets to be exploited by pathogenic bacteria, viruses, or parasites. In this review, we describe the origin and suppressive mechanisms of MDSCs, as well as their role in chronic bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections, where their expansion seems to be essential in the chronicity of the disease. We also analyze the disadvantages of current MDSC depletion strategies and the different in vitro generation methods, which can be useful tools for the deeper study of these cells in the context of microbial infections.
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    Widespread dissemination of ESBL-producing Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis exhibiting intermediate fluoroquinolone resistance and harboring blaCTX-M-65-positive pESI-like megaplasmids in Chile
    (bioRxiv, 2023) Piña Iturbe, Luis Alejandro; Díaz Gavidia, Constanza Paz; Álvarez Rojas, Francisca Pía; Barron Montenegro, Rocío Nicole; Álvarez Espejo, Diana Claudia Marcela; García Cañete, Patricia; Solís, Doina; Constenla-Albornoz, Rodrigo; Toro Parada, Magaly Rosana; Olivares-Pacheco, Jorge; Reyes-Jara, Angélica; Meng, Jianghong; Bell, Rebecca L.; Moreno Switt, Andrea Isabel