3.18 Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal

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Browsing 3.18 Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal by Author "Araneda Cid, Paola"

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    Biocultural Approaches to Pluralized Bird Conservation in Globally Important Social-ecological Wetland Systems
    (2024) Araneda Cid, Paola; Ibarra Eliessetch, José Tomás; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía y Sistemas Naturales
    To be pluralising and just, conservation science and practice must embrace diverse worldviews. Wetlands are intricate repositories of knowledge where biophysical, social, and spiritual dimensions are profoundly intertwined. Birds connect people to wetlands, foster a sense of rootedness, and emotionally link individuals to their places. This thesis examined how situated human-bird interactions -manifested in knowledges, practices, and beliefs- of local wetland inhabitants in the Río Cruces wetland, are composed and being transformed by social-ecological processes, and how we can use this to move towards more effective and just biocultural conservation. The Río Cruces wetland, in Chile's Valdivian Hotspot, is the country's first Ramsar site and has faced significant socio-environmental transfor-mations. Surveys were conducted in 2021 with 41 participants in 8 localities around the Río Cruces wetland. We used interview kits as cultural probes for individual mapping and “memory walks”. The first chapter highlighted the need for targeted research on biocultural approaches to wetland birds. Secondly, wetland birds in Río Cruces played a significant role in biocultural knowledge containment, highlighting the importance of wetlands in memory storage. Finally, I reaffirm the crucial role of sense of place and identity in foster-ing the engagement needed to achieve conservation objectives.
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    Bird diversity along elevational gradients in the dry tropical Andes of northern Chile: the potential role of indigenous traditional agriculture
    (2018) Araneda Cid, Paola; Ibarra Eliessetch, José Tomás; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal
    Understanding diversity patterns along environmental gradients lies at the heart of community ecology. Previous studies have found variation in bird diversity and density along “natural” elevational gradients in the Tropical Andes Hotspot. However, there is still a lack of knowledge about how bird communities respond to traditional land-use patterns, in association with other multiple drivers, across elevations. In the present study, we investigated biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic sources of variation associated with bird species diversity, density and turnover along a 3000-m elevational gradient in the southern limit of the Tropical Andes Hotspot in northern Chile. Over four seasons, we conducted 472 bird point count surveys and established 118 vegetation plots distributed across the Desert, Pre-Puna, Puna and High Andean belts. We found that species diversity and density increased until 3300 masland then declined. This type of elevational pattern is characteristic of dry-based mountains, where environmental conditions are suitable at mid-elevations. Here, habitats shaped by traditional Aymara indigenous agriculture, associated with relatively high vegetation heterogeneity, hosted the highest values of bird alpha diversity and density. We found that species turnover was structured by habitat type, while elevational ranges of most species were restricted to three relatively discrete assemblages that replaced each other along the gradient. Increasing loss of traditional agriculture and intensification of land-use may present a threat to the bird community in the Tropical Andes Hotspot.